Britain created British-American colonies to guarantee the transfer of wealth to rich white people back in Britain.  In so doing, they seized land, killed the natives, captured and mass transported Black populations by the millions, enslaved them and worked them to death producing food, fiber and finances.  All whites benefits so they all, across class lines, supported it. 

Black people slaved for over 346 years to feed, clothes, shelter, provide sweets/smokes/staples and cash crops for these white populations---while enriching capitalist whites via profits accumulated from (1) trillions of hours of unpaid labor time and (2) predatory armed intercontinental robbery of land minerals, and precious raw materials.  In a short time, (1609-1619), a chronic labor shortage, crude tools and open land, large populations of defenseless Blacks, and large populations of predatory and imperialistic white settler-colonies from Europe made indentured servitude and eventually African enslavement as a labor system inevitable.  When great benefits are gotten easily and without much risk, even enslavement lasts for hundreds of years.  Any population that allows itself to be enslaved will be enslaved; any population that cannot stop another from taking advantage of it will be taken advantage of.  Any population with accomodating, begging, crawling, weak, hat-in-hand, paid-off, violent to each other but nonviolent to the white and Arab rulers/enslavers, "converted", confused, self hating, nonscientific, non dedicated, soft misleaders cannot be successful. Where can white and Arabs Christian/Islam lead the African, race and culture (along withi its population, land, minerals and wealth) but back to the whites and Arabs?  Time and again, history has shown this. 

As labor demands increased and intensified, as the ease of capturing/kidnapping/mass transporting/mass breeding/selling/and working to death Black people became even more routine it became impossible to simply complement indentured servitude with slavery. The expanding frontier, the wars of land theft with Chechimecans, the increasing battles with enslaved Africans and indentured servants began to threaten stability of the colonies. As whites joined across class lines, unified in theft of land and theft of Black life/labor and liberties indentured servitude for whites was phased out.  African slavery became the only plantation labor system. The resultant identification of slavery for life with race, racism founded on fraudulent white supremacy, white supremacy as god's will, the Black race with inferiority, and inferiority with justification for enslavement the context was set for Africans to be fasten to the bottom of the society's class, race, culture, and gender hierarchy for hundreds of years until present.  Blacks were chained to the dirtiest work, the filthiest places to live, worst ghettos, worst education, poorest schools, poorest hospitals, poorest, roads, poorest neighborhoods, lowest living standards, worst quality of life, worst food, worst of everything.  The industrial work force was imported from Europe.  It was white.  The agricultural work force was kidnapped and enslaved from Africa.  It was Black.

The Northern states, manufacturing the necessities for the slave system, grew as an appendage, a tool, an instrument, a middleman, a shipper, a transporter, a processor, a bean-counter to the South.  From its beginning as settlements, colonies, states, and a union of states forming a nation then federal republic, the American nation was basically Southern with its nucleus being in Virginia, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, then Alabama, parts of Tennessee and Kentucky. The New England states were merely shipbuilding, shipping, commercial and manufacturing branches of the slave plantation system of the South.  As the U.S. grew, the North entered into a technological, then economic, then social transformation from hand-mill manufacturing to mechanized machine production, and factory-based industry. The white work force, the white male population, infused with millions of immigrants from Europe, white towns and cities were organized around these factories whose raw materials came from the south---where agricultural cash crops were planted/tended/handpicked by enslaved Africans.  Take away what the Africans produced, and you take away the entire white economic infrastructure, setting this predatory system back 200 years.

Essentially on autopilot, the technological revolution in the North proceeded without any major social upheavals (from 1791-1850's), transitioning from pre-industrial to industrial to mechanized machine production to semi-large scale machine production. All the time, whites were organized around the new, higher mechanized production while Blacks were enslaved around manually antiquated hand and tool production.  One Black, one white; one population enslaved, the other free; one manual labor, the other mechanical; one not a citizen, the other a citizen; one bought and sold, the other selling their labor for a wage.  By the late 1840s, the population and industrial growth of the North allowed for the expansion of the western frontier as waves of European immigrates became industrial workers, accelerating the growth of industrial cities that produced agricultural machinery and in turn were fed by the white family farmers.  Westward expansion, industrialized manufacturing production, a new concentration/investment of money in Northern industry, and a white population explosion channeled westward to land the slavers had their sights set on ended the political/governmental dictatorship of the agricultural South over the manufacturing North.  Civil war was inevitable.