Reparations Fundamentals

Capitalism did not cause whites and Arabs to enslave Black populations by the hundreds of millions. Greeks and Romans had made a slave mess of North African Blacks 2000 years earlier, utterly decimating ancient African Kmt's great civilization---the best that Black folk have ever produced. Arabs under slavery and feudalism had preyed parasitically off of hundreds of millions of North and East Africans since they took over north Africa from the Romans after 652ad. It is significant that the scope of Black enslavement and its pace accelerated with capitalism; but the fundamentals of white/Arab oppression of Africans was in place thousands of years earlier.

So comprehensive is the white/Arab domination of Africans that even the whites claiming revolutionary ideas are comfortably in line with the pervasive Aryan Model of treatment against Black populations historically dragged around enslaved building white and Arab civilizations. Not one "democratic" capitalist white nation paid Africans reparations. Not one "revolutionary" socialist white nation paid Africans reparations. Not one white "marxist" communist nation paid Africans reparations. Not one white church or Arab mosque. They had/have no intentions to do so. Just another series of white/Arab intercontinental rackets for stealing land, labor, and money/capital from non-whites as to benefit white ruling classes in particular, white populations in general, and white civilization universally.

The Chinese figured it out, took charge of their nation, ran the whites and their missionaries out/ran out the Arabs and their converters of infidels, secured their educational systems and rooted their ideas in science, learned how to win at home first, and then reverse-engineered the necessary science and technology for their own independent economic, political, social and cultural development. The Black/African world population has not done much of anything to unify or purge itself of years of being doormats to the world. Wasting time, lives, and energy---Africans are still the doormat for the world. And what could one expect when winning lessons are all around yet, most Black folk choose the road of habitual losers. Without a fundamental understanding of economics, society, political economy, culture, technology, scientific education, morality and ethic, and organized military force---just look at how the African world lives under the foot of oppressors.

The fundamentals are not difficult to understand if one is paying attention. Indigenous capitalist societies require two primary elements: (1) personally free workers who have no tools and are desperate to work for necessary subsistence in the form of wages, and (2) an accumulation of wealth by the owners of the means of production necessary to establish large-scale enterprises. When an entire capitalist society is transplanted onto a landmass inhabited by another population with a different form of society and at a different stage of development the new formula must include a whole series of preconditions.

The first precondition was vast quantities of uninhabited fertile land. In contrast to the indigenous English transformation, the fledgling transplanted white capitalist class on the North American continent created not only the framework for profit first by (1) seizing an entire continent of over 3,700,000 square miles by killing the indigenous populations and herding the remnants onto reservations where alcohol, drugs, gambling, cigarettes, sterilization, and depression is forced upon those left standing, (2) kidnapping and enslaving millions of African workers and stealing gold, but they also had to (3) import an industrial apparatus/factory system for the mechanical production of commodities with white wage labor. (4) Finally, they had also to create (through sexual reproduction and immigration) an all-white home market for the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of commodities that had their origin in raw materials produced by enslaved African. Black people were/are at the bottom of this, brought in as chattel, worked to death from crib to grave in a system that benefits whites first as a fundamental principle.

In order to grow large volumes of tobacco/cotton/sugar/coffee/coca  for inter-continental trade a series of well defined stages of agricultural preparation had to be operationalized: (1) land had to be cleared, (2) swamps had to be drained, (3) soil had to be cultivated, (4) cash-crop seeds had to be planted, (5) the leaves had to be harvested, dried, packaged and stored on ships. Whites sought to enslave all nonwhite races that they came in contact with. Only those who could defend themselves against the white genocidal onslaught maintained their freedom. Black folk were unprepared by-and-large, and so we lost badly.

Many will dance around this fact, but no Chinese population lets whites take advantage of them for 500 years without seriously organizing a movement to end it. As degenerate as the whites and Arabs have been, the absence of an equal and opposite response has been shameful. Not only shameful, but the physics of the matter is that the reason Africans suffer now is because they have not done what is necessary to end the suffering---as all other successful populations have done in their quests for independence and self respect. Also lacking is the Black research done on the Holocaust of Black enslavement and reparations studies. It has not been independent, nor has it been accurate. Clearly the whites and Arabs have built in cause to bias the number of Africans enslaved. Their sole purpose is to cover up the centuries of murderous genocide their races have carried out against Black people.  But for the Black intelligentsia to not even understand elementary demography and population research when predicting the number of their own enslaved ancestors, there is no excuse. Our wonderful ancestors deserve better. Independent research and publishing/printing is the only means to accurately arrive at credible numbers. Researchers with the heart of Harriet Tubman, the honesty of Asa Hilliard, and the technical scope of Cheikh Anta Diop are the only type capable of getting at the truth in these matters.

Something as simple as getting at the total number of Africans who lived and died enslaved is completely overlooked. How many were shipped from point A to point B is a mere tiny fraction of the total population of Africans whose lives ended murderously at the hands of enslavers. The total number that lived and died enslaved is the fundamental number to begin reparation studies.  Then consideration would have to be given to the African population's sex ratio, birth rate, general fertility rate, age specific rate, completed fertility rates, child-woman ratios, abortion rates, abortion ratios, death rates, age-specific death rates, cause specific death rates, proportion dying of a specific cause, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rates, life expectancy, incidence rate, prevalence rate, case rate, case fatality rate, immigration rate, emigration rate, net migration rate, balancing equation, natural increase, rate of natural increase, and doubling time. In fact, because breeding and rape played such a prominent role Black enslavemet population histories, fecundity and fertility rates are central to Black reparations studies. Understand how many children each Black woman had in their childbearing years and you unlock the answer to how many Africans were born, developed, had children, lived out their lives, died and were replaced by other Black child bearing populations. Uncritically accepting inaccurate/limited/biased estimates from (at best) white nazis on slavers payrolls is no way to honor the hundreds of millions of Black folk who suffered and died as a result of the brutes who organized this murderous system. This moral and intellectual laziness must end.

Lessons of of Social History

If we slice into colonial history in the early 1600's, on the one hand, the most profitable growth of tobacco demanded large estates and plantations with a cheap, plentiful, labor power. On the other hand, the English population in North America was relatively small, wretched, malnourished and wanting to personally profit from the backbreaking cultivation of tobacco. The higher the manual labor costs, when machine cost are absent from the equation, the lower the profits if the cost of raw materials and basic overhead is held constant. Unpaid labor was required, and plenty of it.

Africans were identified, burned out of their homes, conquered, captured, branded, force marched from the interior of Africa (sometimes up to a thousand miles), held in filthy cage dungeons, packed on ships, mass transported to the eastern and western hemispheres and sold like common cattle to be worked to death for Arabs and whites.  These brutes write the history so they call this holocaust a trade. Almost all of them are dishonest intellectual mercenaries on the pay-rolls of historical enslavers so they carefully mask the scope and magnitude of the damage done to generations unborn. It is understandable, given their history.

As a recent example, Germans practiced genocide/extermination on hundreds of thousands of African Namibians in the eary 1900s just before they exterminated the white Jews. It was a modernized trial run of mass death and destruction reflective of the way these white brutes had been treating Africans for well over 500 years. Study the Belgian Congo genocide of Africans: over 21 million Africans were in some way systematically killed, starved to death, or worked to death. The Jews have been paid hundreds of billions of dollars by the Germans in reparations. The United States is still paying billions of dollars every year to Israel.  The Blacks in Namibia, and the Congo have gotten nothing.  The white/Jew liberals and radicals have not opened their mouths. You hear very little from African/diaspora researchers.

Today Darfur is a land-emptying/clearing heaven for the Arabs and a genocidal hell for the "converted" Black people they are killing and moving off their land. Over 500,000 mass murdered, over 4.5 million just herded off their land into dessert tents and what has been the Black world response? Silent. Sorry.  Shameful. Spineless. This is all the more reason that independent Africans must do their own research and solve their own problems.

Context for Reparations Research

For purposes of initial Black reparations research, we identify the initial areas where specific key economic resources were needed for whites to build nations:

(First employment in (the Americas)

Sugar Plantations, distilleries, Indigo, peas, corn, beets

Coffee Plantations

Gold/Silver/Mineral Mines

Domestic labor, animal domestication/husbandry/skilled trades

Cotton fields /textiles

Cocoa fields

Building, Roads, Swamps, Forests, factories,
Harems for rape sex and breeding

All white Western capitalist nations were built on the enslavement of nonwhites. Not only the enslavement of Africans and their transport across the Atlantic (centering on the Guinea Coast), but most of Europe's commerce was produced by the raw materials from slavery. Gold, silver and other precious metals were stolen in genocidal raids of nonwhite nations around the world and forced labor of enslaved nonwhite populations. Sugar cane was the primary commodity of the Caribbean. Africans who had been enslaved produced all of the sugar cane and its byproducts. Shipments of sugar went to England as profits to white merchants; shipments in the form of molasses went to New England in North America, to be made into rum. The islands grew very little of their own food, so merchants found ready markets there for the produce of Ireland, Pennsylvania, New York and the New England fisheries.

Without the enslavement of Africans and other nonwhites the sugar, gold, silver, indigo, cotton, rice, beets could not have existed and the North American colonies could not have developed. In short, the labor question was raised and answered using the same standard operating procedures that generally all European populations had applied to the question of indigenous Chechimecan land: steal it or "trade" for it from a position of sword and gun strength. As has been well documented in almost every type of modern American history textbook, all of the English attempts at colonization in North America had failed miserably in the 16th century and beginning in the 17th.

Historically historians have distorted the numbers, volume, extent, duration, magnitude, and rate of African enslavement. The tendency is to subjectively fashion estimates of the number of Africans enslaved by using limited fragments of slavers and their journals. Imagine documenting how many people have existed on the planet based on the small sample of fragmentary fossil evidence collected by anthropologists. This is comparable to historians, whose primary objective is to minimize the white role in the most far-reaching genocidal process in human history. The enslavement process was a triangle in which over 300,000,000 Africans met their death in Africa during the slave raids, during capture, transport, beatings, mutilations, maiming, breaking, sale, and being worked to death building white society.

Degenerate Arabs, whites (including Jews) created, organized, financed, religiously sanctioned, militarily enforced, managed, operated, and directed this murderous holocaust of innocent African men, women, and children for over 500 years in the direct benefit for their race, cultures, and civilizations. Backwards, degenerate Black tribes merely collaborated with those invaders who came welding guns, steel, and diseases. Bones through their noses, paint on their faces, lacking elementary educational system that offered science/technology curricula, running around with spears and arrows while the whites brought guns, germs and steel---they were at best decrepit pawns in a global business of genocide/death/destruction that even their modern offspring have not figured out or come to terms with.

In short, the Black reparations movement researchers, to date, have not done their homework and have not asked the fundamental questions properly. Based on the definitions of demography, even the most elementary methods of demographic population studies have been overlooked in the case of the African population on the continent at the start of the western aspect of the Holocaust of African enslavement in 1441 and its overall impact on the demographic composition of the African population around the world. The central question in African enslavement population studies is: How many Africans lived and died enslaved at the hands of whites, Arabs, and Jews? How many were shipped from point A to point B is a mere tiny fraction of the total population of Africans whose lives ended murderously at the hands of enslavers. The total number that lived and died enslaved is the fundamental number to begin reparation studies. Uncritically accepting inaccurate/limited/biased estimates from (at best) white nazis on slavers payrolls is no way to honor the hundreds of millions of Black folk who suffered and died as a result of the brutes who organized this murderous system.

Tools of Proper Demographic Assessment of African Populations on the African Continent and in the Diaspora (1441-1890's)

First, consideration would have to be given to the African population's sex ratio, birth rate, general fertility rate, age specific rate, completed fertility rates, child-woman ratios, abortion rates, abortion ratios, death rates, age-specific death rates, cause specific death rates, proportion dying of a specific cause, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rates, life expectancy, incidence rate, prevalence rate, case rate, case fatality rate, immigration rate, emigration rate, net migration rate, balancing equation, natural increase, rate of natural increase, and doubling time.

Instead of the incomplete fragments of records, Africa's population must be extrapolated from a base population (p1) to present using the tools of demography.

Birth rate (or crude birth rate): The number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year. Not to be confused with the growth rate.
Death rate (or crude death rate): The number of deaths per 1,000 population in a given year.
Demographic transition: The historical shift of birth and death rates from high to low levels in a population. The decline of mortality usually precedes the decline in fertility, thus producing rapid population growth during the transition period.
Emigration: The process of leaving one country to take up permanent or semi-permanent residence in another.
Growth rate: The number of persons added to (or subtracted from) a population in a year due to natural increase and net migration; expressed as a percentage of the population at the beginning of the time period.
Immigration: The process of entering one country from another to take up permanent or semi-permanent residence
Mortality: Deaths as a component of population change.
Rate of natural increase: The rate at which a population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths, expressed as a percentage of the base population.
Total fertility rate (TFR): The number of children women are having today. The average number of children that would be born alive to a women during her childbearing years if she conformed to the age-specific fertility rates of a given year.

Second, in order to manually produce more commodities with an enslaved labor force, three methods can be used: (1) accelerate production; (2) increase the duration of work; (3) increase the number of workers. European capitalists and slave-masters were already working Africans as long and as hard as possible. This was a standard operating procedure. So only the third method of increasing the volume of African laborers would effectively increase the volume of commodities. The other two methods were constants.

In order to increase a human population, one can either import units from another land mass or breed the domestic population. The breeding of human beings for the purpose of consuming their labor process in the production of surplus value (in other words, working them to death to make a slave owner wealthy) is often glossed-over in most of the history books which claim to study the period of African enslavement in North America. However, breeding became a lucrative business in and of itself. Whites bought African labor like they bought cows. When they worked the enslaved African to death, they lost capital that could only be restored by new capital outlays at the slave auction block. Working Africans to death in the tobacco fields of Virgina, the cotton and rice fields of Georgia and South Carolina, the swamps of Mississippi required fresh new enslaved Africans. In other words, if there were not enough slaves on the shelves of those great slave-shopping centers in the European and Arab slave markets, breed your own in your backyard as you would breed dogs. This is the white "free enterprise" system. This is the heritage of democracy: breeding and selling human beings on a "free market." Then writing about a tradition of freedom and justice for all.

Being a cheaper process for securing unpaid human labor (because it negates the cost and price of capture, trade and transport), Kentucky, North Carolina, Delaware, Missouri, Tennessee, and especially Virginia were to become breeding grounds for home-grown slave labor power. In times of an expansive market for slave-produced raw materials, (1) prolonged the work day, (2) intensify the labor process, and (3) reduce the rest periods---work Africans to death. This was Christian American civilization in the middle of the 19th century: raping, breeding, and selling the offspring of innocent women (some of them still children themselves) to the highest bidder.

From 1619 to 1990's (if South Africa is included), European societies directly made their living by capturing, stealing, trading, buying, selling, breeding, and raping, Africans, Indians (India), and indigenous Chechimecans. The cycle was started with the African worker as the mainspring of the engine which set every wheel of manufacture in motion. In the process, on an intercontinental scale, plantations would consume Africans, in many instances by working them to death, so that textile mills in Europe and later in North America could consume the raw materials. Whereas plantations were the agricultural factories for the production of food, and clothing; mines were the factories for the extraction of money-capital, the necessary money-commodity which establishes a foundation for a financial apparatus for a national economy.

^{^[1]}See William Foster, The Negro People in American History, International Publishers: New York, 1954, pp. 152-162.

^{^[2]}Oliver Cox, Capitalism as a System. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1964.

^{^[3]}W.E.B. Du Bois, The Suppression of the Atlantic Slave-Trade to the United States of America---1638-1870. New York: Social Science Press, 1954.

^{^[4]}Eric Williams, Capitalism and Slavery. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1944.

Reparations Fundamental Question

Black people were captured, kidnapped, imprisoned, packed on ships, mass transported, sold, worked to death, and finally just thrown into unmarked graves. Arabs, Jew, whites---populations out of Eurasia have spent over 2700 parasitically living off of African land, labor, and capital/technical know-how. In the Americas the process started in 1492; It had already begun in east/north Africa in 652ad by the Arabs, who followed, Romans, Greeks/Macedonians, Assyrians, Libyans, Persians, Hittites and Hyksos.  By 1619, Africans were being dragged into North American colonies to be sold as enslaved chattel/cattle on the eastern seaboard. Millions would follow.

A repayment/reparation/restitution movement has to identify how many people were harmed, how long, to what degree, average labor time, median life span, rate of reproduction, what was the price on their lives and their life's work, pain and suffering and punitive damages.

The Black reparations movement in the United States is missing fundamental demographics and population science. In addition, the leaders of these movements have yet to define the fundamental research questions properly. Therefore, they have under-counted the numerical scope of the enslavement process. This is a serious error when one is attempting to attach a price in dollars on slavery. It is not how many Black people were in slavery in the United States in 1860 at the time of the national census. That is called a one time "snap"-shot population profile; that number was between 4.2 and 4.7 million according to the white people's voluntary census---which itself was an under-count of deliberate proportions tied to taxation.

That number does not take into consideration the number enslaved Africans 18 years earlier, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108... or up to 256 years earlier. At least 22 generations of Black women (with fecundity/fertility rates above 9 children per female) lived and died in this 256 years time-frame. The 4.6 million enslaved Africans undercounted in the national census in the early 1860's were not the same 3 million enslaved 40 years earlier. Millions and millions lived and died enslaved in this time frame of nearly three hundred years.

Most had died, been reproduced, and been replaced by other Africans with millions coming into being and dying in each generational cycle of which there were atleast a possible 26 generations---most of them were bred like dogs and cats. The birth rate, death rate, fecundity rates, fertility rates, migration (in/out), rates of natural increase, and life tables all must be taken into consideration, among other variables. The white researchers in demography/population studies know this, but as usual, are silent. Almost all of the Black reparations movement is running around uncritically parroting the deliberate undercounts/underestimates of white/jew/arab social scientists whose sole interests are to explain away African enslavement by masking its scope.

If an accurate count of Africans being enslaved by whites, worked to death, and ultimately having lived and died enslaved, the question must be changed. The question should not be how many Black people were shipped to the United States to be enslaved. This is a trick which focuses only on how many were packed on a ship. With incomplete records being the norm, much smuggling, much clandestine piracy and theft, only fragmentary samples being available, these dishonest whites have covered up tens of millions of Africans who were enslaved even before the Black women who survived began to have children via forced breeding. Any population scientist knows that those populations would have children, those children would have children, and their children would have children, etc.

The fact that the degenerate whites bred over 100,000,000 million Africans on those plantations throughout the western hemisphere so that they could sell them into slavery as to work them to death means that this entire process was accelerated geometrically---millions more lived and died at a much quicker pace, were replaced, worked to death, and were replaced again. Add smuggling to the equation and you have a cover-up of global proportions.

But you expect this from populations with something to hide. What is disgraceful is the lack of heart, courage, precision on the side of the Black researchers whose ancestors suffered by the hundreds of millions, were worked to death, then were just thrown into unmarked graves.

On many of the enslavement islands in the Caribbean, Black people had a mere 7 year life span after they began to work in the fields. Most died from overwork and were replaced by those bred and shipped.

Therefore, the focus must not be merely on how many Black folk were packed on ships to be kidnapped and mass transported to the western hemisphere. This is a mere fraction of the Africans that lived and died enslaved when you consider fecundity rates, fertility rates, birth rates, death rates, emigration rates, life tables, rates of natural increase, rape rates, breeding rates, infant morality rates, etc.

To structure this study, the following data are necessary:

REPARATIONS FUNDAMENTALS: BLACK POPULATION ENSLAVED IN WHAT BECAME USA (1619-1866)

UNITED STATES (1619-1866)
COLONY/STATE/COUNTY TOTAL TOWN/CITY TOTAL
Total Population

Total Population (Period A)
Total population (Period B)
% Change (Period B) to (Period A)

Total Households

Total Households (Period A)
Total Households (Period B)
%Change (Period B) to (Period A)
Avg. Households Size (Period A)
Avg. Households Size (Period B)
%Change (Period B) to (Period A)

Total Families

Total Families (Period A)
Total Families (Period B)
%Change (Period B) to (Period A)
Avg. Family Size (Period A)
Avg. Family Size (Period B)
%Change (Period B) to (Period A)

Method of increasing Black Population

Total
Bred
Captured/Shipped (in-migration)
Sold (internal migration)
Raped

Demographic rates of Black Population

Base Populations each decade

Pregnancies per Female
Fertility rate
Fecundity rate
Birth rate
Infant mortality rate
Death rate
Life table
Rate of natural increase
Migration in/out

Rape rate per plantation
Breeding rate per plantation

% Black Male (Period A)
% Black Female (Period B)

Average First sex/rape age

%Age of Sex for reproduction

Total Population

Under 5 years
5 year olds
6 to 13 years
14 to 17 years
18 to 20 years

21 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

% 17 and younger
% 46 and older

Male

Under 5 years
5 years olds
6 to 13 years
14 to 17 years
18 to 20 years

21 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

% 17 and younger
% 55 and older

Female

Under 5 years
5 year olds
6 to 13 years
14 to 17 years
18 to 20 years

21 to 24 years
25 to 34 years
35 to 44 years
45 to 54 years

% 17 and younger
% 46 and older

Marital Status (persons 12+): Male

Never married
married

Marital Status (persons 12+): Female

Never married
married

Household Type & Relationship

Family, Married Couple

With related children
No related children
Family, Other

Female Householder, no husband
With related children
No related children

Male Householder, no husband
With related children
No related children

Own Children in One Parent Hhlds

Nonfamily
One person households
Male
Female

Households with Householder 46+
Family Household
Nonfamily Household
Living Alone

Living Arrangements of Persons 46+
In family households
In nonfamily households
Living Alone
Institutionalized
In other group quarters

Household Size

Family Households
2 persons
3 persons
4 persons
5 persons
6 persons
7, 8, 9, 10 or more persons

Nonfamily Housholds
1 persons
2 persons
3 persons
4 persons
5 persons
6 persons
7, 8,9, 10 or more persons

In sum, population change results from the interaction of three variables: births, deaths, and migrations. This relationship is summarized by a formula known as the balancing equation. The difference between births and deaths in a population produces the natural increase (or decrease) of a population.

Net migration is the difference between the number of persons entering a geographic area (immigrants) and those leaving (emigrants). Natural increase usually accounts for the greatest amount of growth in a population, especially within a short period of time. For the world, growth occurs only when there are more births than deaths; for individual countries, migration is also a factor.

We can ask how a population changes with time. How many Africans died enslaved at the hands of Arab and white slavers? With time populations reproduce themselves; there is what is called doubling-time. Since species reproduce, the way of quantitatively describing the reproduction is to say that the increase in the future depends on the number of organisms around today or in the past, the present would depend. Accurately isolate that number and you can accurately project/predict the number living and dying in a particular epoch/moment in a population's history.

A History to Renounce

The origins of the Atlantic enslavement of Africans in the fifteenth century, was essentially a flanking movement of Portuguese whites down the west coast of Africa in an effort to bypass Arab/Muslim-dominated enslavers/invaders in North Africa and to out right steal (or engage in unequal exchange) for gold, spices, and other commodities wanted in Europe.

The Atlantic African Holocaust grew out of the conflict between Christian Europe and Islamic North Africa and the Middle East, which led to naval discoveries/technological advances in shipping that made the Atlantic more easily navigable. The Pacific/Indian Ocean African Holocaust conducted/controlled by the degenerate Arabs was even more destructive to the very fiber of African civilization in east Africa. We focus here on the Atlantic.

Searching for gold and pillage routes, Portuguese first sailed the Atlantic coast of Africa in the early part of 1430's. Gold and enslavement of Africans by Arabs and Arabized Blacks was dominated by Arab Islamic Empires (for over 1300 years). This Arab occupied African territory stretched along Africa's northern coast back to Mecca in Saudi Arabia. Muslim pillage routes across the Sahara, for centuries, saw Arabs capturing and selling Africans (mainly women, children and young boys), along with dates, honey, salts, fish, grain, kola, cheap textiles in exchange for gold, spices and articles of Arab use.
For the first 99-136 years (mainly 1441-1540's) European control of the Atlantic coast of Africa, and the enslavement of Africans was relatively small in scale, encompassing a few million Africans in destructive scope. But after the mid 1540's more Africans were captured, kidnapped and enslaved by whites to be worked to death in the western hemisphere. To build the western hemisphere's economic system, over 300,000,000 Africans were either murdered, worked to death, or denied life at birth.
Initially Portuguese established forts, with cannons and soldiers of war along the African coast. With force of arms, they exchanged unequally food and fiber commodities, with enslaving Africans being only one element of this diabolical enterprise. The Spanish would follow, after seizing the Caribbean, South America and part of North America. This "reconnaissance" and conquest was called "discovery," and "colonization." Everywhere they went they brought death and destruction to nonwhites so that whites might have easier lives, land, and the fruits of unpaid for labor in the 10's of millions.
Other European countries, especially England, France and the Netherlands, became involved early, but basically and primarily as pirates preying on predatory Portuguese slavers and often raiding, pillaging and stealing on the mainland of Africa as well. Early concentration of West European activity was confined to Senegambia, because there was gold in the interior in the regions of Bambukhu/Bure and, and also on the Gold Coast of Ghana.
In sum, the Westernized aspect of this global holocaust (financed and directed by whites, arabs, and jews) was transformed over time but can be divided into three periods: 1441-1640's; 1650-1807; and 1807-1896.
The first period was embryonic and dominated by the Portuguese and then the Spanish.
The second period, from the middle of the seventeenth century until the overt abolition of the slave transport in 1807 by whites in Britain and the United States. (Africans were still being captured, kidnapped, bred, sold, and worked to death by the 10's of millions yearly), This period saw the rise of the plantation economies of the Caribbean, and was dominated first by the Dutch and then by the French and the British. In many ways, the entire United States economy was built on the backs of Africans producing profitable food, fiber, and financial wealth for whites.
The final period, after British and American abolition in 1807, enslaved Africans went primarily to Cuba, Puerto Rico, South America generally and Brazil specifically---though millions were still smuggled into North America.

The slave holocaust continued among the islands in the Caribbean, and within the United States, after the ending of the "legal" capturing, kidnapping, and working to death of African. Therefore the cultural, social, economic, and demographic impact of this global Black holocaust continued well into the 20th century, even though direct arrivals of enslaved Africans from Africa was confined almost entirely to the coast of South Carolina, Louisiana, Cuba, Brazil, and Puerto Rico.

Reconstructing Africa's Population during the Holocaust of African Enslavement

The change in population depends on the population you start with multiplied by the rate of birth, b, minus the death rate, d. If the birth rate exceeds the death rate, then the population increases with time. If the death rate exceeds the birth rate, the population decreases with time. There are other factors such as immigration which affect the population. In addition, the birth and death rates are not constant with time. Wars, disease, cultural habits (e.g. infanticide, disease, overwork, deteriorating working conditions, emigration of children sold to other slavers, pollution of the environment, etc.) affect the death rate while mass breeding, rape, improved food, etc. increase the birth rate.

In this fluid process, millions of people can be/and were bred into existence and lived and died miserably in a few short decades. This is what occurred as a standard operating procedure. This an entire area of holocaust studies that is completely overlooked, as a standard operating procedure of this white, arab, and jew cover up. Most black researchers are useless in this area because they are completely dependent on the whites to publish their finding---which must be in line with what the whites say happened.

The central question, therefore, is "How many African men, women, and children died enslaved at the hands of whites in the United States (including the colonies) from the period 1492 until 1866?" We answer this question with the figures below:

Africans Who Lived and Died Enslaved, 1451-1896 to Whites and Arabs

Western Hemisphere

Region

Africans Lived/Died Enslaved

British North America (1619-1866) +breeding/smuggling/reproduction
43,493,394
Spanish America

Cuba
16,345,357
Puerto Rico
2, 986,876
Mexico
3,453,892
Venezuela
553,765
Peru
221,564
La Plata & Bolivia
2,341,345
Chile
132,657
Santo Domingo
3,781,325
Colombia, Panama, Ecuador
12,324,765
Central America
7,653,770

French Caribbean

St. Domingue (Haiti)
8,643,000
Martinique
365,000
Guadeloupe
290,000
French Guiana
234,543
Louisiana (to 1803)
12,543,980

Dutch Caribbean
3,575,292
British Caribbean

Jamaica
21,893,051
Barbados
12,391,394
Leeward Islands
11,284,393
Ceded or conquered islands
1,592,300
Small possessions
721,000

Danish Caribbean
675,494
Brazil
83,484,592
Europe

White Total Enslavement of Africans in the Western Hemisphere and Europe (1441-1920) +Namibia
2,338,384

256,791,008 (+/-) 387,103
Eastern Hemisphere

Arab Enslavers (661ad-1956ad)

213,948,120

USA Economic Foundations: Land, Labor and Money Capital

The forced transatlantic movement of enslaved Africans to the Americas was the defining migration of the African Diaspora. Between 1441 and 1890, approximately 23.7 million African people left the shores of Africa destined for the Americas, Europe, Arabia, Southeast Asia and India. Nearly one-third died in route. Nine times as many Africans arrived in the Americas than Europeans. More Africans died in Africa than lived. For over 130 year Africa is the only continent that lost population---population decreased, while Europe and Asia's population grew by over 200 million in the same time period. Enslaved Africans were captured. Africans were enslaved to be worked to death on plantations and for mines and the majority was shipped to Brazil, the Caribbean, and the Spanish Empire. Less than 16% (including those smuggled) traveled to the Northern American States formally held by the British. Millions of Africans were bred in what became the United States.

The third, and final, leg of the triangular holocaust involved the return to Europe with the African produced commodities from the enslave African labor plantations: cotton, rice, indigo, cocoa, sugar, tobacco, molasses, rum, etc.

Enslaved Africans were introduced to new diseases and suffered from malnutrition long before they reached the new world. Many of them were smuggled undetected. Despite great loss of life during the "Middle Passage," Africans constituted the great majority of people kidnapped and forcibly transported from the Western Europe and Africa to the western hemisphere, thousands of islands and five continents of the word. Even after the whites decided that machine technology and the industrial revolution/wage labor was more profitable by the late 1860's, the enforced African mass migration continued to move millions of smuggled Blacks to Brazil and Cuba where they were bred and sold.

As a result of malnutrition and disease encountered during the forced marches and subsequent interment at slave camps on the coast of Africa, conditions of enslavement were hell. African were captured, confined, marched, herded onto enslavement ships, imprisoned in the dark, thrown onto unsanded/splintered plank floors, chained to other blacks, their right foot shackled with cast iron to the left foot of the person to their right, the other foot chained to the other foot of the person to their left. Less than 13 inches below, another layer of enslaved Africans lay packed like sardines on an unsanded/splintered plank floor with less than 0ne foot head room. They could not sit, turn or stand. The stench of laying in one's own excrement fowled the air for months. And because they were chained, they could not change position easily, without hurting themselves or the other African next to them.

When the weather was rough they were kept below for long periods. This was hell on earth, each day, each night being weighted with death, sickness and suffering. Laying in filthy excrements, with rats, roaches, and maggots crawling over them---this was what the whites and Arab scholars call a "slave trade." Kidnapping, rape, murder, mutilation---all crimes against humanity are labeled trading by these slave apologists (conservative, liberal to radical and revolutionary)
Day after day week after week, month after month millions were murdered at the hands of these white and Arab brutes doing what they call "business." Each wave slide the backs of Africans across splintered floors. There was no clean water, no fresh air, no clean food, no light---no chance of life liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Africans had no way of knowing where they were going or when. The trips were long, often through storms and rough sea (42 to 169 days at a time).
Many Africans refused to eat, many lost the will to live, many just died. One of the ways in which they tried to bring death on when they couldn't jump overboard: they tried to just starve themselves to death.
Even God-fearing, Allah claiming, Jehovah worshiping brutes saw nothing wrong with capturing molesting, castrating, and otherwise brutalizing innocent women and children. Captains would use thumb screws, whips, meat cleavers, and chains on disobedient Africans.
To discourage this, the white and Arab brutes would force the shackled African to eat the filth prepared for them. They would beat them or put on thumb screws or torturing them in some way in order to break them and make them eat filth; or they would force-feed them by forcing open their jaws and forcing food into them. An African would not be allowed to die by his own will/volition. If they were going to die, it must be at the hands of the brute. These enslavers were in the business of stealing, imprisoning and selling people---millions of them. They needed those they kidnapped to be profitable. There was no more care for them than there would have been for a captured whale or sacks of horse manure.

These criminal relationships (whites, arabs, African chiefs, "converted" hybrids of enslavers) are based on, as far as the Europeans/arabs are concerned, a desire for the fruits of conquest (land, labor, money capital), theft, war pillage, harems, and unequal exchange in gold, in textiles, later in human cargo.

For African chiefs, it's mainly these degenerate chiefs desiring to secure merchandise their backward technologies/economies could/did not manufacture. Instead of learning from the invaders, setting up technical schools in the interior of the continent, and setting up internal manufacturies to reverse engineer what they were unable to make on their own, these murderous collaborators helped the genocidal white/arab predators to wipe out over 600,000,000 innocent African human beings. This relationship between the Europeans/Arab and African elites (kings, slavers, capitalists, sheikhs, pirates) is at the heart of the subservient position Africa has in world affairs even to this day. Everywhere you look, except for perhaps Zimbabwe, you see African heads of state crawling around hat-in-hand to historical enslavers---seeking loans, aid, and hand-outs. This relationship can be traced back to the period of Black and white/Arab engagement after the utter decimation of African Kmt in 656bc and afterward.

Because Europe is more technologically advanced than Africa, African chiefs and the tribal Blacks who believe in them, are in a situation where they can get goods that they don't have. They can get guns which they could not make; and gun powder which they did not manufacture. Whites then, completely controlled the African's ability to defend itself. You cannot come to a gun fight with a stick, bone, or bow and arrow. You cannot defeat cannons with spears. You cannot stand around near naked when the people you are fighting have iron/steel shields and big sharp steel swords designed to slash naked skin to the bone. You cannot be equal to some one unless you can do the things that they can do. If your technology is stick or a spear you are not equal to some who has educated themselves enough to create Gatling guns. There is nothing innate about intelligence, education or knowledge---it is all learned. If you are behind, admit it, simply get to work learning the best of what others know, and establish scientific educational systems. When someone is in your country, building forts, capturing your people, kidnapping them and mass transporting them to another part of the world to be worked to death, you are not engaged in equal relations. For over 500 years this degenerate/rotten relationship festered until the whites set up new forms of oppression in African nations. And yet some still delude themselves about the relationships of whites and blacks. You are not in their country building forts, and capturing their people. Imagine a Black person building a fort in Great Britain, and attempting to capture some whites to sell to other Blacks. They would not allow it; but Africans have just allowed any arab, white or jew population to just about do anything to them. The response has been so lacking in rage, so muted, so weak, so gutless, so without passion, precision, preparation and intelligence that modern African slavery lasted 500 years. Look at Darfur. Look at the lack of Black response.

Africans the world over need to sober up, stop wasting time debating with enslavers, then get about the business of learning what others already know about how the world works. It id simple: if you cannot stop enslavement, you will be enslaved. Every race has collaborators. Africa just has had more degenerates collaborating than fighting against the enslavers. Many of Africa's brightest scattered all over the world are more concerned with plaques on the wall, grants, peace prizes, awards, titles, trophies and other cheap handouts than they are about ending this miserable condition. Leave them. Get to work with your own independent research. Then do something about what you understand.

Those sorry African chiefs helped to destroy African civilization by collaborating with genocidal enslavers from Europe and Arabia. They were tools, ignorant, sorry tools. Essentially, these backwards rulers wanted a different kind of textile, trinkets, rum, dates, iron chunks, sweets, smokes, and shells that they can get manufactured from the Europeans and Arabs. Worthless stuff. Nothing that is really essential to African culture or African survival or the Africans' economy. Just like today, many of these leaders kept the vast majority of their populations ignorant and lacking in scientific education, and technological know-how. In the past, African mis-leadership did not invest in modernized education, were backwards in technological innovation, superstitious, mystical, imperialist, had antiquated manufacturing techniques, were lacking in even elementary engineering, had collaborated in the mass murder of millions of innocent humans---essentially they were not fit to rule. Many just like them are in token positions of power today in Africa and in the Diaspora.

Foundations of Modern Economies

All Western capitalist nations were built on the enslavement of nonwhites. So too were the Arab feudal nations of the world. Not only the enslavement of Africans and their transport across the Atlantic (centering on the Guinea Coast), but most of Europe's commerce was produced by the raw materials from slavery---from the work of Blacks. Gold, silver and other precious metals were stolen in genocidal raids of nonwhite nations around the world and forced labor of enslaved nonwhite populations. The physics of the matter was simple: gun versus spear; steel versus wood and sticks; science versus spirits and superstition; unity of purpose versus disunity; winning strategy versus a history of losing even to the point of being sold by the pound in slave auctions, crippling destruction in nonwhite areas versus construction in white areas. All of these together add up to whites winning and Blacks losing everything over and over again. Look at the historical record. Throw in the enslaver's religions and you have hundreds of millions of oppressed populations high as an opium/crack-filled kite, taking beatings on earth so that they can be "chosen" to serve milk and honey in some white/Arab conjured and made-up heaven to a really big white god.

But back on earth, the whites had a sweet tooth so they wanted sugar, they liked chocolate so they wanted coca, they needed clothes so they sought cotton, they smoked tobacco to get that nicotine high, they liked to dye their clothes, caffeine was in coffee so coffee beans were grown roasted and grounded, they liked to get drunk off of wine and rum and they didn't want to may much for any of these things. Sugar cane was the primary commodity of the Caribbean. Africans who had been enslaved produced all of the sugar cane and its byproducts. The whites sat on their behinds with whip and gun. Just a lazy sorry lot, armed with weapons of mass destruction and the will to use them against a population in chains from crib to grave. Shipments of sugar went to England as profits to white merchants; shipments in the form of molasses went to New England in North America, to be made into rum. The islands purposely grew very little of their own food---yet another element of control.

Without the enslavement of Africans and other nonwhites the sugar, gold, silver, indigo, coffee, coca, cotton, rice, beets could not have existed and the colonies could not have developed. The whites had no economy without the labor of Black people. In short, the labor question was raised and answered using the same standard operating proceduresthat generally all European populations had applied to the question of indigenous Chechimecan land: steal it or "trade" for it from a position of sword and gun strength.

Just as whites had stolen land in order to "plant" their colonies in North America, they also kidnapped and murdered over 300,000,000 Africans in order to build the economic infrastructure for their capitalist societies.

Vital Reparations Statistics Formulas

(Crude) live birth rate =
Total number of live births
Total population
X

1,000

(Crude) death rate =
Total number of deaths
Total population
X
1,000
Cause-specific mortality rate =
Number of deaths from a specific cause
Total population
X
100,000
Maternal mortality rate =

Number of maternal deaths
Total number of live births
X
100,000
Neonatal mortality rate =

Number of neonatal deaths
Total number of live births
X
1,000
Postneonatal mortality rate =

Number of postneonatal deaths
Total number of live births
X
1,000
Infant mortality rate =

Number of infant deaths
Total number of live births
X
1,000

Population Studies Formulae

African Sex Ratio: The sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a certain African population, is defined as the number of males for every 100 females.

Number of males x K = NM x 100 = ASR

Number of females NF

African Birth Rate: The birth rate or crude birth rate is defined as the number of live births per 1,000 African population in a certain year.

Number of births x K = NB x 1,000 = ABR

Total African population TAP

Rate: The general fertility rate or fertility rate is defined as the number of live births per 1,000 women aged 15-49 years.

Number of births x K = NB x 1,000 = AGFR
#women, 15 - 49

Example: "There were --- births per 1,000 women aged 15 - 49 years in Ghana in 1700. "

African Child-Woman Ratio: The child-woman ratio is defined as the number of children less than 5 years of age per 1,000 woman of childbearing age in a given year.

Number of children

Under 5 x K = NCU-5 x 1,000 = AC-WR

Number of women NW15-49

Aged 15 - 49

African Death Rate: The death rate or the crude death rate is the number of deaths per 1,000 African population in a given year.

Number of deaths x K = ND x 1,000 = ADR

Total African population TAP

African Age-Specific Death Rate: Death rates can also be ascertained for specific age groups for comparison of mortality at different ages or moderation in mortality at the same age over a certain time period.

Deaths of people

Aged 20 - 24 x K = DP20-24 x 1,000 = AA-SDR

Total African population TAP20-24

Aged 20 - 24

African Age-Specific Fertility Rates: Fertility rates are also ascertained for specific age groups for comparison over time or to observe variability in fertility behavior at different ages.

Number of births to
Women aged 20 -24 x K = NBW20-24 x 1,000 = AASFR
Number of women,
age 20-24

African Cause-specific Death Rates: Basic cause-specific death rates can be defined as number of deaths per 100,000 because for most causes of deaths the rates of occurrence are usually low. In the case of the African population the numbers were extremely high.

Number of deaths

from AIDS x K = NDAIDS x 100,000 = AC-SDR

Total African population TAP

African Proportion Dying of a Specific Cause: Deaths from a specific cause can also be defined as a percentage of all deaths. Death rates fro Africans dying of diseases, overwork, starvation, exhaustion, exposure; suicide, homicide, etc. were all extremely high.

Number of deaths

from overwork x K = NDP x 100 = APDSC

Total deaths TD

African Infant Mortality Rate: The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths to infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Number of deaths to

Infants under age 1 x K = NDIU-1 x 1,000 = AIMR

Total live births TLB

African Maternal Mortality Rate: The maternal mortality rate is defined as the number of women who die as a result of childbearing in a given year per 100,000 births in that year. Maternal deaths are deaths caused by complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Again, African deaths in this area were extremely high.

Number of

maternal deaths x K =NMD x 100,000 = AMMR

Total live births TLB

African Life Expectancy: Life expectancy is one estimate of the average number of additional years of life a person can expect, based on the age-specific death rates for a given year.

African Incidence Rate: is the number of Africans contracting a disease during a given time period per 1,000 African population at risk.

Number of Africans

developing a disease

during a given

time period x K = NADDTP x 100,000 = AIR

Total African population TAPAR

at risk

African Prevalence Rate: is the number of Africans having a particular disease at a given point in time per 1,000 African population at risk.

Number of Africans with

a specific disease x K = NAWSD x 1,000 = APR

Total African population TAP

African Case Fatality Rate: The case fatality rate is the proportion of Africans contracting a disease who die of that disease.

Number of Africans dying

from the disease x K = NADFD x 100 = ACFR

Number of Africans NADTD

developing the disease

African Natural Increase: Natural increase is the surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths in an African population in a given time period.

ANI = B - D

Where NI is the natural increase during a period, and B is births and D is deaths during that period.

African Rate of Natural Increase: The rate of natural increase is the rate at which an African population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to a surplus (or deficit) of births over deaths, expressed as a percentage of the base African population.

Births 1865 - Deaths 1865 x k = Total "mid-period" African population BY - DY x 100 = ARNI

TMPAP

Birth rate - Death rate = BR-DR = ARNI

TMPAP TMPAP

African Growth Rate: is the rate at which an African population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to natural increase and net migration, expressed as a percentage of the base African population.

Births (years) - Deaths *(years) ± Net migration (years) Total "midperiod " African population

x K = 2B-D+ NM x 100 =AGR

TMPAP

Rate of + Net migration =RNC + NMR = AGR

natural increase rate

African Immigration Rate: The immigration rate is the number of African immigrants arriving at a destination per 1,000 African population at that destination in a given year.

Number of immigrants x K = NI x 1,000 = AIR2

Total African population TAPAD

at destination

Example: "In the African immigration rate was --- new immigrants for every 1,000 residents."

African Emigration Rate: The emigration rate is the number of African emigrants departing an area of origin per 1,000 African population at that area of origin in a given year.

Number of emigrants x K = NE x 1,000 = AER

Total African population TAP

Example: "In 2008+, the African emigration rate was estimated to be ----per 1,000 residents."

African Net Migration Rate: illustrates the net effect of immigration and emigration on an area's population, expressed as increase or decrease per 1,000 African population of the area in a given year.

Number of - Number of

immigrants emigrants x K =

Total African population

NOI-NOE

TAP x 1,000 = (+)ANMR

African Doubling Time: A systematic means of illustrating African population growth is to calculate how long, at its current growth rate, an African population would take to double in size.

Current pop age = CPA =

Growth rate (%) GR%

Killed Before Enslavement (Being worked to death)

Hundreds of millions of Africans were killed or died in the midst of this 500 years of white, and Arab, organized holocaust of Black enslavement. African Chiefdoms, white feudal lords and Arab kings and sheikhs, and white capitalists (communalism, feudalism, capitalism) all organized, financed, and profited from this murderous enterprise. In order to grow large volumes of tobacco for inter-continental trade a series of well defined stages of agricultural preparation had to be operationalized: (1) land had to be cleared, (2) swamps had to be drained, (3) soil had to be cultivated, (4) tobacco seeds had to be planted, (5) the leafs had to be harvested, dried, packaged and stored on ships. Whites sought to enslave all nonwhite races that they came in contact with who could not stop them. Guns, steel, and diseases literally ensured white success almost everywhere they went in the world.

Only those who could defend themselves against the white genocidal onslaught maintained there freedom.

The most profitable growth of tobacco, cotton, sugar cane, and cocoa, demanded large estates, and plantations with a cheap, plentiful, labor power. But the English population in North America was relatively small, malnourished and wanting to personally profit from the backbreaking cultivation of cash crops. The higher the manual labor costs, when machine costs are absent from the equation, the lower the profits if the cost of raw materials and basic overhead is held constant. Unpaid labor was required, and plenty of it. Below we summarize the key research moments/levels of Black death and destruction in this white/Arab-caused holocaust.

Black Holocaust Deaths can be identified at 16 key levels

White/Arab Conquest: Occupation of North Africa. over 142 million Africans killed, displaced, enslaved
Instigated Wars: Predatory white and Arab invaders created division, exaggerated minor differences, stoked hostilities, armed antagonistic African ethnic groups, instigated wars, assisted the side that had white and Arab slave interests. Then later turned even on the sorry Black collaborators, and ultimately enslaved them Over 36,000,000 million (+) causalities.
Predatory Raids: in cloak of dark, Arabs, whites and their African allies would surprise attack, burn and loot, pillage and maim, raid and capture unexpecting Black children, women, and men. Whole societies of Africans were just wiped out. 0ver 18 million (+) casualties.
Death Marches: after Africans were captured/kidnapped by the mercenary Blacks of white, and Arab brutes millions were marched from the interior of the African continent. Over 15 million casualties.
Mass Transport: More Enslaved Africans died on long trips. Some shippings took 42 days and some up to 169. Over 3 million died at sea.
Ship Wait: Many times Enslaved Africans that were caught had to wait for the kidnappers/enslavers to capture more enslaved Africans before they sailed to America. They had to live in chains packed like sardines on the ships or in the dungeons of forts. Over 1.5 million died.
Fort Wait: Traders built forts and trading posts to keep Enslaved Africans until ships came to take them. Many forts were filthy dark dungeons. Over 3 million died.
Rebellions: Many Enslaved Africans fought to free themselves. They rebelled on the ships, on land, and at sea. Most of the time they did not succeed. Over 6 million died.
Suicide: Some Enslaved Africans could not stand the conditions. They were also afraid that white people would eat them. They got this idea because they knew that many people were taken from Africa but no one ever returned. Also, many Enslaved Africans thought it is better to be dead than to be enslaved. Most suicides were done by jumping overboard and drowning. Over 1.3 million killed themselves.
Murder: Sometimes the ship crews and enslavers would beat, punish and kill enslaved Africans. They could get away with it because enslaved Africans were not thought of as human. Over 600,000 were just killed at the hands of enslavers.
Disease: Conditions on the ships were terrible. There were rats and roaches, bugs and slime everywhere. Drinking water and food were spoiled/infected with insect larvae. Dead bodies lied next to living people. Diseases such as dysentery were common and many enslaved Africans died from them. Some ships even had outbreaks of small pox, measles, mumps, TB, malaria, etc. Over 31 million died of diseases during capture and incarceration.
Life Trauma: Many Enslaved Africans went "crazy," or just lost their minds/wills to live. They were separated from families, tied in chains, raped, whipped, branded, dragged, fed slop, packed in filth, surrounded by brute whites, arabs, and their askari, and held penned in cages as enslaved Africans. Many could not stand it. Over 6 million died.
Packing: There were two ways to pack a slave ship. Tight packing meant to load as many enslaved Africans as possible on top of each other. Loose packing meant that enslaved Africans were given some room to turn around and not touch another person. Less enslaved Africans died on "loose" packed ships. But more profits were made by the enslavers by "tight" packing. Over 3 million died/were just thrown overboard.
Unsuccessful Escape Attempts: Often Enslaved Africans wanted to escape. They tried to escape before and during the trip. This was difficult and most were killed. Over 1,600,000 were killed attempting to escape.
& 16. Infant Mortality/Rape victims: African children had the worst health care in the world at the hands of white and Arab enslavers/rapist. The children where sold, bartered, molested, whipped, and generally mistreated. Over 21 million (+) died as infants.

Basic Organization Frame for Reparations Studies

BLACK HOLOCAUST CASUALTIES: In sum, over 300 million Africans were killed or denied life in order that the whites/arabs work to death enslaved Africans on plantations, in swamps, mountains/mines, desert plains, wilderness, forests and wooded areas.

ENSLAVER COUNTRY ENSLAVED AFRICANS
Portugal (including Brazil)
Spain (including Cuba)
France (including West Indies
Holland
Britain
British North America, U.S.