ukmttilepage253.jpg
HOMEUNIVERSITY OF KMT ON-LINE DEGREESUNIVERSITY OF KMT KHEPERKARA MAGAZINEUNIVERSITY OF KMT MDW-NTR LANGUAGEUNIVERSITY OF KMT PRESSAFRICAN INTERNATIONALMAATTHE WAYMaat Guide to LifeThe AnswerPrinciples: Study CooperativesPrinciples: Publishing CollectivesFundamentals: Methods for Studying Society (Case of United States)Picture Gallery: Council of Great Black Ancestors (Live)Fundamentals: Outline of Basic MathematicsPrinciples: Chronology of West African CivilizationPrinciples: African Pre-History/Ancient History ChronologyPrinciples: Statement of the Research ProblemLessons: Routine Government Distortions of USA Economic SituationLessons: What Black Youth Should Know about American HistoryPrinciples: Guidelines for Comprehensive Theory of VictoryPrinciples: Pre-Conditions for Black United FrontsPicture Gallery: Ancient African Kmt (Live)Video Profile: Nile River (Live)Council of Ancestors: Malcolm X (Live Video)Principles: Maafa---Fundamentals of African Slave HolocaustPrinciples: Revolution as a ProcessPrinciples: Stock Market Collapse, Foreclosures, Layoffs, Financial MeltdownLessons: Prepare Now, Entire Generations Depend on TodayPrinciples: African-centered Research Design/MethodsPrinciples: Methodologies of Reverse EngineeringPrinciples: Human Thought, Data Collection, AnalysisPrinciples: Ancient African Kmt MDW-NTR LanguagePrinciples: Central Questions of Our TimePrinciples: How to Organize Professional OrganizersSouth Africa: Civil Unrest Toward What?Principles: Solutions That Are FinalPrinciples: African Philosophy, Theory, Method, ProcedurePrinciples: 33 Greatest SuccessesFundamentals: Ancient African Kmt's Research MethodLessons: Fundamentals of Capitalist Economics in Times of CrisisLessons: What Greater Good For Innocent Africans?Principles: University Curriculum Review TemplateStatistical Profile: African American Life Conditions 2008Principles: Designing Scientific Research ProposalsFundamentals: Ph.D. Dissertation, Master's Thesis and Research ReportsFundamentals: What Caused the Financial Collapse in the United States?Principles: Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Earth, Life, African Human LifeFundamentals: Outline of West African Civilization (800bc-1650ad)Principles: African Science and Spirituality; Not Myths/Mysticism/ReligionsCourse Log-in (9 Week)Course Log-in (6 week)Principles of LifePrinciples of Life, Death, and RebirthPrinciples of SocietyDoctrine: Equal Black Female/Male LeadershipFundamentals: Birth/Development of United States (1607-1765)Fundamentals: How the United States Developed 1492-Present (2008 )Principles: Kmt Science/Spiritual Tradition of ExcellencePrinciples: Reform and RevolutionPrinciples: Falsification of Ancient African HistoryFundamentals of Research and Report PreparationPrinciples of EconomicsPrinciples: Foreclosure, Financial Collapse, and Government FunctionFundamentals: Debt, Banking, and BankruptcyPrinciples: Political Economy, Race and ClassPrinciples of Employment AnalysisFundamentals: Statistical Profile of USA Economic Crisis 2008Principles of OrganizationPrinciples: Social Decay; Harbingers of Things to ComePrinciples: Race, Gender, Class, Culture AlliancesPrinciples of MoralityFoundations of African Centered Life and LivingPrinciples of Initiation (Kmt Rites of Passage)Principles of PhilosophyLessons: Severe Economic Crisis=White Nazi/Terrorist BacklashLessons: Why This Economic Recession Will Become a Great DepressionLessons: Sean Bell/Another Nazi-NYPD Black Execution/AcquittalLessons: Economic Recession, then Depression; What Next?Lessons: What to Do Now? Kmt Principles Applied to Black LifeLessons: Ancestor Malcolm X Speaks (Audio)Lessons: Ancient Kmt Principles for Educating Black ChildrenLessons: Why Black Intellectuals Must Think IndependentlyLessons: Why Voting and Elections are Not EnoughPrinciples of Instruction For Black YouthPrinciples of New African Thought and ResearchFundamentals: Black Education During an Economic CollapseFundamentals: What Must Be DonePrinciple Foundations of New African WorldviewPrinciples of TheoryInstructions: What Africans With Integrity Must DoPrinciples of MethodPrinciples of EducationPrinciples: Afrocentric, African-Centered to African Humanities CurriculaPrinciples: Ancient Kmt Science Foundations of Modern ScienceAfrican Centered/African Humanities K-12 to Ph.DPrinciples: Art of VictoryPrinciples of Building Pan African UniversitiesPrinciples: Assessment for African Centered UniversitiesPrinciples of Modern ResearchPrinciples of Developing Black Students (Ancient Kmt)Principles of Modern ArchitecturePrinciples of DemographyPrinciples of Pan AfricanismPrinciples of Our AncestorsPrinciples of EldersPrinciples of WomenPrinciples of YouthPrinciples of Ancient Kmt's CalendarPrinciples of Kmt Martial ArtPrinciples of Kmt CivilizationPrinciples of Kmt Science/TechnologyPrinciples of African History in AmericaAfrican History Timeline/Chronology Until 1492adPrinciples of Black HolocaustPrinciples of World ReligionAfrican Nation Profiles 2008African 2008: World ConditionsUSA 2008: Current ConditionsPrinciples of Kmt LeadershipPrinciples of Back to Africa MovementsPrinciples of Black Mass MovementFundamentals of USA Economic Crisis: Effects on Black FamiliesPrinciples of Black Survival PlanningLessons: African-Centered MovementRevelations of Things to ComeReparations Fundamentals
Fundamentals: What Caused the Financial Collapse in the United States?
plain_bar_graph_sb.gif

Fundamentals:  What is Causing the Emerging Financial Collapse in the United States?


Context


Nothing at the societal level happens over night; decades are involved.  No one thing causes a society to fall into collapse; like any system, in time it runs its course.  If you happen to be around when the sun burns its last hydrogen/helium flame you just happened to be born (unlucky) at a time when its time was up.  Same thing with capitalism, socialism, feudalism, slavery, hydraulic communal, primitive communes.  Suns, and societies like human beings have their own internal lifespans/lifetables.  This does not mean that other suns in other galaxies will just stop burning because the one in your area burned out.  Your task is to prepare for what is to follow that society and help to midwife it into existence---not lay down and just die with it.  Carefully study this inference. 

In the United States and the global economy, it is no longer a question of recession or not; for white workers, it is how deep and how long?  For Africans in America this is the beginning stages of a depression which will bring in its wake white nazi terror, ultra white nationalism, and motions toward "final solutions" to what has been defined as a Black problem.  The white workers and the white ruling class will do what they have always done: join together in race unity across class lines in yet another of their genocidal sieges against populations they rule/scapegoat.  Study their history in times of economic crisis. 

You can either accept the coming death and destruction, try to get along, fall in line, grovel again, lay down, and again try to find some way to live with it.  Or you can fight to get out of it.  Prepare, soberly face it, re-establish moral fundamentals, cultivate mental alertnessand morality, and lay down martial guidelines/practices.  This epochal hurricane is to be the worst the world has seen because it is global in scope as opposed to regional and hemispheric in the case of slavery and feudalism.

Today, Black people still go to school with the assumption that the white economic system has a job for them if only they get an education and qualify.  Wrong assumption.  There are no waiting jobs for the masses of educated white populations who are being foreclosed and evicted after being laid off; ruling class to working class whites care nothing for Black populations.  Populations caught off guard this time are in for a rude awakening because this is not just another "business cycle correction" that happens with capitalism every 7-10 years.  These are not growing pangs---these are death crises.  It will not get better before it gets much worst because an actual social system is in the initial stages of collapse.  In general pink slips were issued in June 2008 as they had been issued the past six months---as capitalist employers have slashed over 4.1 million jobs over the past 2 years of which 33 percent were jobs African Americans worked on/at (these Black populations make up only 13.2% of the national population).  While the white unemployment rate is an average somewhere between 6 and 9 percent, the African American actual rate is between 19% and 28%.  Job losses are nearing the staggering level of nearly one million this year in just seven months.  For the sixth month in a row total U.S. employment rolls decreased while unemployment increased---a sharp increase usually associated with times of deep economic stress.


African Americans and others are swamped by rising as prices which are at $4.89 at many gas pumps, the price of oil which is nearly $150 per barrel, inflated food prices, the weight of the housing/credit/financial crises.  You cannot buy health care, pay a house note, pay a car note, pay for child care, buy gas, pay rent, pay for your education, buy medicine, take vacations, eat at restaurants etc. without money; you get money from a job; you get a job (in a capitalist society) from a capitalist who must sell what is produced at a profit or they have to lay you off.  At the heart of the "selling what is produced at a profit" is labor replacing technology. 

Ford, GM, Chrysler and all manufacturing industry business must computer automate to stay competitive in a shrinking buyers market.  They are now laying off white people in droves---they care absolutely nothing for the Black and brown people.  In short, if you do not work (above ground or underground) you do not eat.  Job losses have been widespread all year: hitting workers at factories, churches, day care centers, colleges, high schools, soup kitchens, construction companies, shoe retailers, universities, banks, architecture and engineering companies, legal services, airlines, service industries, law firms, real-estate firms, insurance companies and even hospitals, bars, restaurants, museums, zoos, parks, and temporary-help agencies. Also hotels, trucking companies, rental agencies, mortgage brokers, computer design shops, accounting firms, and other transportation as well as telecommunications companies have been hard hit. 

No one is suffering as much as the Black women, who, in 77% of Black families, head the household caring for children, babies, and the elderly---many inside those families are facing eviction, foreclosure, hunger, cold, lack of water, lack of electricity, lack of gas monies, and lack of a future.  
First, master the fundamentals: Any society is a social system organizing human populations, land, their labor, the fruits of their labor, minerals, water, and the necessities of life.  A system is a combination of parts forming a complex whole.  It really does not matter who is the president.  They are faced with: a collapsing economy which has run its natural course.  They too will close schools, hospitals, recreation centers, homeless shelters, food distribution centers, clinics, job training programs---all in the name of balancing the budget---while millions (many of them Black people) are being foreclosed and evicted to the streets without food, clothing, shelter, education, health care, employment or a future.

Presidents, Votes, Political and Economic Reality

In the case of the United State there is a nation, there are 322 million people in it, the people have various skin colors, they live on land adaptable to the human species, they need food, clothing, shelter, education, health care, clothing, roads, transportation, technology, morality/ethics and martial defense for sustained life.  Most of them work at a job to earn a wage/salary which gives them an income in the form of money that they then exchange with a capitalist for necessary then luxury goods and services.  The white skin population is in charge of this economy, political system, social system, and cultural system.  They enslaved the Black population for over three centuries and killed the native population in the process of stealing their 3.8 million square miles of land.  In the process, the whites (through their ruling class) created the religions, the gods, the education systems, the mass media, the structural institutions, the dominate values and the police/military forces that make sure that they society benefits the white race in general and the white ruling class capitalist in particular. 


The ruled general population which is majority white also, live in states divided by imaginary boundaries within a United States federal governing system called a republic, those states each have a flag, constitution, legislature, federal representatives, and economies that provide the necessities of life.  Each state is divided into counties, municipalities, standard metropolitan areas, cities, and towns.  The majority of the Black populations live in central cities (67%) and standard metropolitan areas (81%).  When an economic crisis occurs, the central cities will feel it the hardest because their populations are entirely dependent on market forces. 


Around those economic systems are social and political systems enforced with police, prisons, guns, bombs, steel, germ warfare, fbis, cias, nsas---clever, cunning killers.  Internal to all societal systems is culture, the sum total of how a population creates and recreates its civilization.  In the United States this is a white Greco-Roman/Judeo-Christian culture centered around an English hegemonic language and ethnic history.  Blacks have white name, languages, religions, holidays, clothes, hair, dress, habits, architecture, family models, recreation, sport---everything. Being dependent from crib to grave, most Black populations never appreciate the independence of thought and thus never have independence of action.  Life ends up being a choice made by someone else that benefits someone else that is made to appear that you made it.  Named Akbar, Fox, or Jones---the majority of Black populations the world over still ignorantly walk around with even the names of the arab/jew/white populations who historically enslaved them.  Generally the white ruling class sets aside the best of everything for their race (in relative measures) then blame other subjected populations for not being able to keep up. 


Essentially, from this nation's founding a specific class, race, sex/gender and culture sets up a political and military system to decide who gets what, how much, what quality/quantity and when.  Blacks were at the bottom, enslaved, brutalized and worked to death.  First all Blacks could not vote, then all Blacks except Black men with property could not vote, then Blacks who could vote were cheated out of voting strength by gerrymandering and redistricting.  Now, with barely 13.2% of the national population and in addition disproportionately disenfranchised because of felony records, Black populations are now being led to hope for change in yet another illusion.  Voting is the low end of the political process; ask the Jews who rake in $9.8 billion in tax dollars channelled to Israel each year along with billions in other military and economic handouts.  Over $3.5 trillion dollars has been spent in Iraq, tearing up a country then rebuilding it for the whites as they prepare to dominate oil in that general Caspin Oil basin region for another 25 years via underground pipelines and bombs.  Blacks as citizens in the United States have never gotten a dime from the government for nearly 345 years of state sponsored slavery/mass murder.  At the same time, no population in the world wastes as much time debating over voting  and gets so little out of it as the African populations all over the world. 


The interests, profits, investments, imperialism, oil goals of the capitalist ruling class are the same no matter who wins the Presidential election (capitalist democrat or republican): Profits, defense of corporations ability to move their factories to wherever in the world they can make the most profit/return on their investment, cheap to free mineral resources from Africa, cheap to free agricultural produce from nations of color, the acceleration of globalization, the ability of the U.S. to dominate that process, and the military means to continue protection of the mineral resources it had earlier seized from nonwhites around the world. Faced with an economic crisis unprecedented in human history, the ending of manufacturing wage labor in automated production processes, the collapse of the US dollar, gas prices above $4.89 per gallon, oil prices above $150.00 per barrel, predatory competition between the nations for markets, the degeneration of capitalist and socialist societies around the world, and the emergence of neo-nazi movements globally---conditions will only get worse.


The Presidential candidates are talking change, but these changes will only help the ruling class protect private property under these changing world conditions.  Their central problem is not one that they can solve this time: How will the president/administration sustain a market economy without consumers who can buy? Having dismantled governmental mechanisms, what will they use to intervene to assist in sustaining this market? How many more wars must they start and fight to create artificial scarcity as to sell commodities after they blow up/destroy enemy nations and then rebuild them woth taxpayer monies?  Neo-liberalism - once the watchword of an emerging global ruling class - is increasingly discredited and the search is on for an alternative to take the globalized world the next step forward.


Run an old nearly senile white man, a mixed up white woman and Black man and you get this empty play on words with no actual understanding of economic fundamentals in an era of globalism and degenerating socialism and capitalism. Obama and Clinton are both on the moderate to right wing of their party, each with a team of moderate/rightwing advisors and policy makers with overt/proven track records of defending U.S. capitalist profit interests in the world, starting and financing wars over oil and minerals, starving Haitians, taking land from Zimbabweans to give to whites, destabilizing Congo and the whole of Southern/Central Africa, and defending corporate interests over the interests of working class people, especially Black populations. Clinton has made over $126 million dollars after their family left office from special interest groups.  Go and study this carefully.  Obama and Clinton were near broke just 9 years ago.  They have been paid off as has McCain who actually married into money.

The republicans as wolves are already bordering on Nazism, and the democrats are wishy-washy foxes inheriting an economic situation they have not fully understood.   What awaits them both is an economic collapse, disorder, and thrusts to direct Nazi takeovers by the far rightwing of the ultra-white nationalist/aryan movement.   This period is not one to be confused/daydreaming.
   As it stands those running for office are forced, for the time being, to appeal to the masses for votes, but their actual abilities to give you a job while making a profit for the capitalist is impossible in this period when robots can do it cheaper and Africans/Asians are so desperate they will work for near nothing as volunteer slaves.  The silly sentimental, mystical, empty, popular, nostalgic "change the world with two pennies" rhetoric is just that: nonsense.  If you have lost your home, they are not going to go against capitalist profits and give you a home; if you lost your education loan, they are not going to go against capitalist profits and give you a grant, if you lost your job, they are not going to hire you.  Yet, they will take $30 billion of your tax money and bail out Bear-Stearns; they will take your money and open a easy loan desk at $260 billion dollars for capitalist banks to loan each other money.  They (McCain, Obama, and Clinton) are all capitalist representatives---first and foremost, on the payroll of special interests and white liberals who are now moderates, moderates who are now conservatives, and conservatives who are now nazis.   They can make promises, but the fundamentals of economics tell us that they are leading us to nazi slaughter. Again, the fundamentals are helpful here:



The foundation of society is made up of two basic interdependent parts of what we call the economy. One side is the way we produce and the other side is the way that production is distributed. The production process is industrial, not necessarily capitalist or socialist. An "ism" in this sense is a political term. A system of production is called capitalism because the capital (the means of production) are privately owned and accumulated as profit. An industrial economy is the combination of human labor and power driven machinery. Its political shell can be socialist or capitalist.

When we move to the other side of the system, the way things are distributed, the "ism" becomes of decisive importance. In capitalism, everything is a system of buying and selling. The workers sell their ability to work, their labor power, and buy the commodities that are necessary to live. The capitalist buys this ability to work, the labor power, the nerve and muscle and energy that, once put in motion, becomes work, and sells the commodities that work produces. So long as everyone participates in this buying and selling, the system works. It works unfairly and unevenly, but it works. Like the machine, when something is extracted or something foreign is added, it will no longer work.  Labor replacing technology which can produce 150 cars on a roboticised computer automated assembly-line in a time that human can only produce 10 is the new/foreign element in this capitalist economic equation.  It is here to stay.  


Technology is what humans use in the process of production to produce a good or service. A class/race/culture/gender is organized around a particular stage of technological development according to the nature of their relationship with that technology-as owners or non-owners.  In industrial production, there is a class that owns the industrial technology and buildings that house it, as well as a class that uses it in the workplace.  Similarly, the computerized technology (including computer automated) produced a class of owners and workers. The class of owners both inherits and coordinates a political/governmental apparatus that preserves their position as owners and creates policy agencies, both domestically and abroad.  Land, technology, economy, political system, and social system as a whole equal a society. 


We have already explained in past reports how: Every society has at its core land, a settled population, a cultural way of adapting to life, and an economy---a system of producing, distributing, exchanging, consuming, and reproducing the necessities/luxuries of life.  Every economy is controlled by a ruling class/race via a political system welding the instrument of state government, enforced by brute military force, and usually greased (made acceptable) with a mystical religious brew of afterlife deception and fear.  The political system determines the quality and even the quantity of life via a social system's institutions (education, health care, law, mass media, family, religion, science, culture, recreation, sport, etc.).  Religion is also made up, planned, written, published, printed mystical ideas propagated by the ruling race, class, sex/gender, and culture.  


So, who gets what and how much they get is no accident; it is not by chance that the poor are poor and the rich are rich.  This is all planned.  The source of wealth is nature and human labor. Gold has no innate, inherent, natural value, neither does paper with a dead white president's face on it (money).  Even the churches, mosques, synagogues are bought and paid for out of the labor of the masses.  Everything that surrounds us in our daily life---cell phones, computers, Ipod, printers, flat screen TVs, space shuttles, cars, trucks, highways, clothing, houses, books, etc., luxury articles as well as necessary ones---is created by skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled human labor.  Most of this wealth is appropriated without indemnity by the ruling class, race, culture and sex/gender.  They created a set of laws, a constitution, a government, an armed military and paramilitary force, an education system, a religious and cultural system, a mass media, prisons and symbols of power which re-enforce their rule.  In fact, they create the gods that are always, always, on their side.  The mechanism of taking the wealth from those who work is always different and is based on the society's mass population degree of development.  But it is a system, and like every thing else it has a period of birth, development, maturation, decline, decay, and deterioration, death and replacement with a more relevant/adaptable system.  If planets, solar systems, stars, galaxies, and even universes come to an end (over billions of years), die, and end up recycled in a Black Hole, transformed in to Black Dark Matter, then Black Dark energy, then baby universes---surely a few societies with 400-500 year life spans also run their course.  The feudal, capitalist, and socialist ruling classes under stand this.  They, (like anything old, moribund, rotting, dying away) try to hold on---some in creative ways.        


Having fashioned an economic, political, social, and cultural system in their own image and interests, why wouldn't the United States (1776-1791) capitalist, Greco-roman, male, white rulers ensure their rule through military force, mass media coercion, and religious indoctrination?  Consequently, the few rich people exist only because the masses of poor people exist---they live off of them; an economy is finite, there is only so much money circulating at one time and somebody has it and somebody doesn't.  Somebody, less than 8% of the United State's population, today owns over 91% of the nation's wealth.  Poor people produce the means of existence for themselves at the businesses the capitalists set up, and also work more, surplus time, in order to produce the means of existence, including luxury articles, for rich people.  Throughout European history there has been a working class which held different names such as slave or serf or industrial worker. Since the destruction of primitive communalism, there has always been a ruling class. The name or designation of that ruling class has always been closely associated with the society's technology.

FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMIC COLLAPSE


2008 Contraction of U.S. Domestic Home market


              Objectively, human labor power cannot compete with the productivity and efficiency levels of Computer Automated Machine Production (CAMP). 

              As CAMP is diffused into modern production and distribution systems, human labor value, first in a relative then in absolute form, has decreased.  As worker labor value decreases, their living standards will continue to deteriorate.  Specifically, with the decrease in real wages, women, the elderly, children, Hispanic workers from Mexico, Nicaragua, El Salvador, etc., and other workers are being rapidly infused into the civilian labor force further driving down the wage price of labor.[1] 



 Decline in Real Wages and Living Standard


              This has increased the absolute volume of surplus value extracted from the larger aggregated labor force because it has allowed capitalist enterprises to hire entire extended families as opposed to, in the past, merely the male head of the family.  Because surplus value is the source of capitalist profits, production spheres which are replacing human labor with CAMP out of economic necessity have intensified remaining human labor operations and in affect have increased the overtime hours of the remaining production laborers.

              Thus, in the process of the implementation of CAMP in productive spheres and the resulting expropriation of human labor power, labor had to be transferred to distributive and exchange spheres (service industries) where the aggregate number of the civilian labor force has increased while the specific living standards of the majority of this working population has decreased.

              Decreases in real wages lead to a decreased purchasing power, in the process mass buying power becomes unable to absorb the nation's output.  Given the continued devaluation of labor power, and the resulting reduction in wage cost-price, such debt will not be paid back, thus we witness financial collapse, first of the smaller banking institutions which process these loans, then of the larger banking institutions.


Decrease in Demand

             

              In the anarchic competition between individual capitalist enterprises in a particular sphere of production more goods are being produced with the aid of computer automated machine production (e.g., computers, industrial robots, machine systems, and computer integrated manufacturing systems, etc.) than there are markets to sell them in.

              In a capitalist economy, demand does not mean that humans merely need or desire some particular good or service.  Demand means that the consumer has money or credit with which to purchase the commodity.  Without money, even credit is difficult to obtain.  The form in which overproduction is hidden is always more or less embodied in the extension of credit. 


Emerging Economic Depression in the U.S.

             

              In the United States, microchip technology in particular, Computer Automated Machine Production (CAMP) in general, and universally, the Scientific and Technological Revolution (STR) are determined by the economic system which organizes laboring populations to carry out certain production, distribution, exchange, and consumption tasks in accordance with the social circulation of life-sustaining commodities.  

              CAMP has established the technical requisites for transforming the manner in which the necessities of life are produced.  Yet, at this stage, technical requisites are still subordinates to economic requisites in a capitalist society.  The economy's distributive system still demands that laborers earn a subsistence wage, exchange their money for goods and services in the market place, and at the same time produce surplus value which is later transformed into capitalist profits, interest, and rent.  Machines increase productivity, precision, and efficiency but they cannot buy back the enormous volume of commodities that they produce in different spheres of production, distribution, and exchange.   As a result, domestic markets have continued to contract.  Capitalists have therefore been forced to use more CAMP to cheapen the cost of production, improve productivity, and increase efficiency which would allow them to get the edge in a market.  In order to afford such expensive retooling businesses are reducing their costs by (1) reducing the cost of the materials in the product, (2) reducing the labor required to produce the product, thereby cutting labor costs, and (3) demand that workers who labor for them labor for less---concessions. 

          Capitalist drive to implement cost-cutting and efficient CAMP in all spheres of the society causes an equal, yet inverse impact on the civilian labor force which must purchase the CAMP commodities.  Simply put, workers need jobs in order that they may earn wages which they will then spend on adult education, food, housing, transportation, health care, and leisure products.  Workers receive their pay from capitalist businesses who must sell CAMP commodities at a profit to workers whose real wages have steadily declined for the past 10 years.  Today, modern production is concentrated in the hands of giant companies such as Wal-Mart, Exxon-Mobil, General Motors, Ford, Enron, Microsoft, and Citigroup. Small businesses exist but they represent the embryonic or obsolete production, the older technologies or the nascent one in their testing stages.  Modern production is essentially mass large-scale computer automated machine producing international business.


At present, 966 top companies together with 231 banks and finance houses control the world economy, and account for 88 per cent of output. This development has come about over the past few hundred years through ruthless enslavement, theft, pillage, extermination, expropriation, competition, and war.  Under capitalism, goods are not merely produced to satisfy someone's want or need, but primarily for sale at a profit. That is the function of capitalist industry, to make money, to turn a profit, to get more than was given, to take more than was taken.


              Today, domestic capitalists markets seek refuge in credit elasticity.  This is mere temporary relief because expanding debt spending on a international, national, federal, state, local, commercial, or consumer level has a nodal line at which time it begins to turn into its opposite.  International capitalist markets engage in the socio-historic interpenetration of socialist social formation.  The world historical materialist dialectic unfolds.  Debts mount.  The capitalist circuits of money---commodity---money', become credit---commodity produced by CAMP---credit (prime).  Credit has begun to contract because of the accelerated decline in worker real wages and disposable income.  Inflation is transformed into deflation.  Economic depression is emerging.  What was once confined to economic M---C---M', and C---M---C' is fast becoming a political crisis between capital and labor refereed by state apparatuses on the side of the capitalist.

          It was technology that created a truly world market and with it a worldwide division of labor that created an international working class.  Today, it is technology that has created this unprecedented glut of commodities on the world capitalist market; the resulting interpenetration of opposite social formations, and the basis for social transformation in capitalist and socialist nations.          

The process of robotization of capitalist production becomes stronger each year:
•§         increases productivity
•§         increases the quality of produced goods and services,
•§         increases profits, which is the main reason for the implementation of the new technology.

On one hand, an army of unemployed is growing every year without any hope of finding jobs to secure the average standard of living, and

On the other hand, the quantity, of produced commodities for mass consumption increases several times due to the high productivity of robotized factories


Thus, companies would produce goods for mass consumption on an increasing scale and at the same time eliminate the consumer market as they lay off workers.

For this reason the companies can't realize their profits, for the sake of which they robotized their production and reduced manpower.


The result: an economic crisis that can't be solved with the methods of the old economic policy, the essence of which is to stimulate the private sector by reducing taxes on capital, by reducing the interest on money borrowed from the Federal Reserve, in short, by creating favorable economic conditions for capital to function. This economic policy will continue to fail, because the main reason for the crisis is absence of a solvent market in the face of high unemployment, consisting of workers who never will be engaged in production, and never will restore the market for goods of mass consumption.


The old means of treating an economic crisis by stimulation of business, which in turn enhances market solvency by attracting more and more unemployed people into production, will no longer produce their magic, because robots will forever eliminate workers from production. Look at Ford, GM, and Chrysler shedding workings by the 100,000's. 


The existence of the global market only postpones the economic crisis in a given country, because capital increases export of its goods abroad for realization of profits when the solvency of the domestic market diminishes.  This process will proceed until the robotization of production in underdeveloped countries reaches the same level as it has in developed capitalist countries.  International competition will force them sooner or later to implement robotization.  When cheap labor no longer can compete with unmanned factories producing the same product, underdeveloped countries will be compelled to implement robotized production, and they will feel the same consequences that developed countries experience. Under these conditions the global market will exhaust itself as the valve that eliminated economic pressure on the domestic market.


In its social aspect, unemployment resulting from the robotization of production means a violation of the balance between the interests of rich and poor, the preservation of which is the major function of any class-based state. Under these conditions it is most likely that the patience of working people left without work will be exhausted and they will begin to demand jobs and fair distribution of wealth. Unemployment delegitimizes governments and is a time bomb. Such is the prognosis for the development of unmanned production under existing capitalist state.


Debt, Bankruptcy, and Financial Collapse


             

Decreases in real wages lead to decreased purchasing power.  As a result, mass buying power becomes unable to absorb the nation's commodity output.  Commodities have to be sold, thus credit spending, installment buying, "flexible" loans have become intensive campaigns to break down "consumer resistance"---which is merely insufficient purchasing among working class citizens. 

              MasterCharge, Visa, American Express, Sears, Discover, generic credit cards, no-money-down schemes, "payment not due until next year", time-payment plans, home equity loans, etc., become the only domestic means of selling the mounting glut of commodities in each sphere of production, including: cars, clothes, refrigerators, computers, fuel, car repairs, furniture, church tides, food, travel, jewelry, health care, college education, housing, sex, even death and burial costs.  These are all credit plans which extend payments for commodities over a set time because the consumer cannot purchase it outright.  At the same time, neither can the capitalist allow it to go unsold.  Therefore, out of economic necessity, they compromise for the sake of commodity circulation.

              These are, of course, loans from capitalist producers to consumers, because the latter lacks cash, and the former, with an urgent need for sales and profits, must set up time-payment plans or risk having to sell below the cost of production.  The result is massive public consumer debt, commercial debt, corporate debt, federal debt, state debt, local debt, national debt, international debts.  As real wages and salaries for service workers decrease, the domestic markets for selling the particular commodity decrease, even with the bill of sale being extend by credit.  At some point credit will be called in.  Thus, we witness financial collapse, first of the smaller banking institutions which process these loans, then of the larger banking institutions. 


Foreclosures

Number of US homes facing foreclosure jumps 131 percent in first quarter from 2007 to May 2008   


The number of U.S. homes heading toward foreclosure more than doubled in the first quarter from a year earlier, as weakening property values and tighter lending left many homeowners powerless to prevent homes from being auctioned to the highest bidder, a research firm said Monday. Housing prices fell in February at the fastest rate ever, according to the Standard & Poor's/Case-Shiller home price index of 20 cities. The index registered a deficit of 12.7 percent in February from a year earlier, the largest drop since the index's creation in 2001.


The findings showed that 17 of the 20 metro areas reported record annual declines. Among the hardest hit states were Nevada, Florida and, in particular, California, where Stockton led the nation with a foreclosure rate that was 6.8 times the national average. Nationwide, 664,236 homes received at least one foreclosure-related filing in the first four months of the year, up 127 percent from 306,841 during the same period last year.   The latest tally also represents an increase of 29 percent from the fourth quarter of last year.   


All told, it is estimated that one in every 181 households received a foreclosure filing during the quarter, inclusive of April and the first week in May 2008. Foreclosure filings increased in all but three states.   The most recent quarter marked the seventh consecutive quarter of rising foreclosure activity.   The unavailability of loans for people without perfect credit and a significant down payment is slowing the process.   The surge in foreclosure filings also suggests that much-touted campaigns by lawmakers and the mortgage lending industry aimed at helping at-risk homeowners aren't paying off.   Nearly 159,000 properties were repossessed by lenders nationwide during the quarter.   


Black people have lost their jobs and cannot afford to pay for the necessities of life (food, housing, transportation and utilities).  Sub-primes were only a small part of this crisis which had directly affected Black families since the 2001 recession.  With these sub-primes, financial firms sliced up the mortgages and sold them as complex investments, finding buyers among pension funds, hedge funds and more who were chasing higher returns and willing to overlook risks. As long as housing prices went up, the strategy worked. When they began to collapse, so did financial stability, pension funds, hedge funds, and banks which traded in such foolish gambling/loan-sharking. Surging defaults means the mortgage-backed securities plunged in value, then the banks went out of business and were rescued by the capitalist's financial arm of its government, the Federal Reserve. That dried up the money to fund new home loans, car loans, and lenders everywhere became tighter with credit. Clients and investors began to demand their money back. Next corporations couldn't borrow as easily, no one wanted to lend money when they stood a good chance of not recovering their funds.  As a result, large projects, construction, civil engineering, farm, machinery, cars, boats, etc are delayed indefinitely.  Then people are laid off from jobs.  In the process, their homes lose value because not many can buy them as their credit has become tarnished with foreclosure stigma.


Today, nearly 13 million households now have upside-down mortgages (meaning they owe more on their mortgages than their homes are worth), and for the first time ever, aggregate mortgage debt is bigger than the total value of homeowner equity - bigger by $979 billion. Black families have the highest percentage of upside down mortgages, at an estimated 34% of the total mortgages to Blacks.  In short, one third of all Black households already own houses in which they owe more on the house than the house is now worth.  With Blacks being the last hired and first fired, no jobs, increasing oil/gas prices, collapsing home values, increasing inflation, the falling dollar and a stock market in descent. by the end of the winter of 2008, that percentage will climb to between 45-55% as housing values continue to plunge and more sub-prime rates are automatically ratcheted up.  



  • Florida had 89,890 homes reporting at least one foreclosure filing, a 191 percent jump from the first quarter of last year and a 26 percent hike from the fourth quarter last year. That translates into a foreclosure rate of one in every 97 households.  


  • Arizona had the third-highest foreclosure rate, with one in every 89 households reporting a foreclosure filing in the quarter. A total of 29,453 homes reported at least one filing, up nearly 241 percent from a year ago and up 67 percent from the last quarter of 2007.  


  • California had the most properties facing foreclosure at 176,931, an increase of 225 percent from a year earlier. It also posted the second-highest foreclosure rate in the country, with one in every 71 households receiving a foreclosure-related notice.   California metro areas accounted for six of the 10 U.S. metropolitan areas with the highest foreclosure rates in the first quarter.   Many of the areas -- including Stockton, Riverside-San Bernardino, Fresno, Sacramento and Bakersfiel---properties that have plunged in value since the market peak.


  • Nevada posted the worst foreclosure rate in the nation, with one in every 49 households receiving a foreclosure-related notice,  four times the national rate.   The number of properties with a filing increased 145 percent over the same quarter last year.  
The other states among the top 10 with the highest foreclosure rates were Colorado, Georgia, Michigan, Ohio, Massachusetts and Connecticut.  A private research group says that consumer confidence fell further in April amid heightened concerns about soaring inflation and the weakening job market.   

Concentration and Monopolization of Capital

              Advantages in natural, historical, or technical conditions of production now determine the existence of individual capitalist as well as of whole industries, production spheres, production regions, and entire nations. 

              Companies which do not possess the technical wherewithal, capital, labor, and market position face similar death sentences.  They have been first to be swept away in the waves of recent leveraged buy-outs, mergers, hostile take overs, acquisitions, business failures, bankruptcies, business "fire sales"; in a word, the accelerated concentration, centralization, and monopolization of capitalist enterprises in the hands of the larger, more profitable multi-national corporations.  Concentration of capitalist enterprises lead to a concentration of capital, reduction in labor needs, increased profits and a concentration of wealth.  Thus, the number of billionaires in the US increased from 9 to over 536 in the period from 1982 to 2008.

              These contradictions in the United States economic distribution system are exacerbated by the continued monopolization, concentration and centralization of social production, especially in regards to large scale agriculture, manufacture and mining.  In the process of the monopolization of spheres of production advanced technological devices are concentrated in the fewer, but larger corporations which have the capital necessary to purchase and employ these technologies.

              With the employment of these technologies by a small group of multinational corporations, their productivity increases, thus, allowing them to sell their commodities at a cheaper price than smaller businesses who employ less productive human labor forces.  With the accelerated aggregate increase of capital, and money in the pockets of less than one percent of the population, there is an equal, yet inverse accelerated decline in money and capital in the hands of the civilian labor force, specifically the least skilled and educated (which is the vast majority of the US labor force).

              Inevitably, the small enterprises are swept aside, bought out by large corporations, and, in the process, the entire network of interlocking small businesses, firms, enterprises, industries, production centers, production regions, national corporations and multinational corporations become centralized in fewer and fewer multinational conglomerates. 

                        In sum, we have on the one hand a concentration of wealth, capital, and profits; on the other a concentration of poverty, homelessness, hunger, malnutrition, and illiteracy.  At this stage, with the necessity of competition between corporations to increase or maintain a steady rate of profit, more low-paying service jobs are created in order to distribute the ever accumulating glut of commodities which are rapidly manufactured by CAMP.  

              Consequently, as capitalist domestic markets continue to contract forcing continued centralization, concentration, mergers, leveraged-buyouts, in a word---monopolization of capitalist business enterprises and industries.  The severity of this process of shrinking capitalist markets has already resulted in the necessity of multinational capitalist desperately scrambling to penetrate even socialist and communist international markets in order to sell their commodities. 


Expenditures, Taxes, Deficits, and Debt


              With the continued monopolization of capitalist enterprises, prices can be artificially kept higher than a competitive price market would allow.  Workers are then required to carry the weight of ever increasing prices on necessary commodities.  As their relative labor value decreases and CAMP increases, massive volumes of goods and services are produced which cannot be sold to a declining domestic (cash consumer) market.  This leads to a shrinking of the state apparatus' revenue main source, the tax on the working class.  Taxes are the life of any capitalist state apparatus. 

              In 2008, with joblessness on the increase, more than half the states in the country are collecting sharply lower tax receipts than the year before.  As tax bases erode, states run deficits.

Plagued by decreasing revenues and faltering economies, over two-thirds of all states have budget deficits fiscal year, 2007.  The California, Nevada, Michigan, Ohio, many Southern, Midwestern and Northeastern region states are already running huge deficits.  It is not surprising that the Far West and Northeastern region has the highest concentration states running deficits because all of them are high-tech states, i.e., states which have implemented Computer Automated Machine Production in all of its manufacturing, agricultural, mining, construction and service spheres.  Other states with high deficits include the Michigan, Virginia, Texas, Florida, and California which are also considered to be high-tech states. 

              Given these rapidly increasing state deficits, and the already debt-laded federal government, the only domestic solution that capitalist nations have today is to cut spending, and raise revenues through increased taxation, and gambling. 

              In 2008, statistics show the rise in unemployment in 41 states and declines in real personal income in 47 will constrict revenue flow even more.  As tax bases erode, social spending is cut in the areas of health care to children, workers and the elderly.  Decreased tax bases lead to decreased resources for social program funding.  Decreases in social programs lead to reduction in social support for education, housing, nutrition programs, health care for the elderly, vocational training, adult literacy, and culture.  Many of them will be cut out all together.  The first to be cut are the groups with the least ability to defend themselves.  Federal, state, and local governments run budget deficits, prompting budgetary cuts and constraints.[2][3]

              Education spending is slashed in a period when technology demands ever-increasing technical training and education.  From K-12, teachers are laid off; some schools are merged, others are closed down and boarded up; libraries are closed; and "magnet" schools and tax credits are arranged for thousands of middle class and ruling class children who show early education potential---while tens of millions of working class children are left to sell drugs, body and mind in the underground economy that capitalist organize and administer.  Today, in secondary school, from undergraduates to graduates study, and even adult education, programs are being cut and departments are being reorganized in the moribund needs of contracting capitalism.

              Government spending on housing is being slashed while over 6 million homeless are forced to live in the streets.  According to government figures, a deep recession that will continue to put Americans out of work will bankrupt the unemployment trust funds of many states by mid-year of 2007.  Churches, day-care centers, recreation centers, schools, colleges, libraries, art galleries, and cultural centers are being shut down on a daily basis.  All this occurs while the polarization between wealth and poverty has continued to increase at an accelerated pace.  Thus, millions are being severed from any opportunity to purchase the basic necessities of life, i.e., food, housing, health care, education, clothing, etc.  As a group, they will never work again under capitalism or socialism from a subsistence wage.

              This has forced increasing numbers of African Americans into illegal, underground economies which allow them to earn money which is necessary to purchase life's necessities.[4]   Many of these underground economies lead to criminal convictions of the participants.  Increasing criminal convictions increase the necessity for prison facilities, holding centers, supplies and staff.  Permanent joblessness has led to an escalation of crime in African communities.  By the late 1980's one out of every four young African American men were either in prison or on probation.  In the nation's capital, Washington D.C., 57 percent of the African male population between 17 and 28 is either in jail, awaiting trial, on parole, on probation, or being sought by the police.  

              In a short time, the entire society has begun to be organized around national networks of prisons which are built to "concentrate" workers who had earlier lost all legal means of providing the necessities of life for themselves and their children. 

FINANCIAL SECTOR



Financial instability in the United States is intensifying, as evidenced by the mortgage crisis, deterioration of corporate perks and the safety net, virtual deregulation of finance capital, advances in the technological basis of production, and corporate fraud. 


Crisis in Mortgage-Lending


The sub-prime housing market is a system of awarding mortgage loans to working people at relatively low monthly mortgage rates for the first few years of home ownership.  At a certain point, the monthly mortgage increases substantially for the remainder of the loan term.  Mortgage borrowing increased more than $6.1 trillion from 2003-2008, $3.4 trillion of which was due to sub prime mortgages. 


In terms of the sub prime market, there was no talk about a crisis as long as people had jobs to make mortgage payments. However as people began to lose jobs, they could no longer make these large payments. Missed mortgage payments lead to leaps in interest rates.  Thus working or recently unemployed people found their monthly mortgage payments jumping 100-300%. 


As far as the banks and the economy are concerned, a few people thrown out in the streets because of economic misfortune are not so bad.  However when millions loose work and are unable to find comparably paid jobs-as has been the case over the past 7 years-the problem grows exponentially. 


The housing crisis not only hits home owners, but renters as well.  They too are thrown on the street as their home owners loose their properties or they themselves cannot make rent.


Millions of people who can no longer make monthly mortgage payments means that banks no longer receive billions of dollars monthly-money that they lend to other banks or invest. A bank has no use for a house that is not being paid for. It will pursue foreclosure, kick the families out and attempt to sell it on the market. However when a lot of houses are in foreclosure in the same housing market, the bank cannot recoup its principal, interest payments, or the additional costs associated with the sub prime loan.  This leads to a collapse of the sub prime market.


When the price of houses collapses, the cost of the debt is higher than the value of the house itself.  The spread of this into other parts of the economy leads to rising costs, unavailability of funds to finance day to day business, which causes businesses to turn to raising revenue on an emergency basis by selling their products below market prices. A downward spiral is initiated as other companies compete by reducing their prices.


The capitalist economy favors corporations.  Numerous policies, laws, etc. provide perks and loopholes for corporations to use other people's money to guard against declines (potential or real) in profits. Numerous programs have been created to permit corporations to write off losses, buy and sell debt, and avoid federal regulation.  All are interconnected in intricate relationships; a ripple in one elements leads to waves in others.  The financial losses by banks and other financial institutions are insured by monies paid through taxes.  When a bank writes off a loss, it means that someone else pays for it.


A collapse in the sub prime market means that people cannot pay their mortgages.  This leads to substantial financial losses by banks and other financial institutions.  This leads to a collapse in prices and value of sub prime mortgage securities' market.  The massive nature of these losses led to the collapse of other closely related markets, including the non-sub prime mortgage market, the non-asset backed broad commercial market, and the junk bond market.


  • 1. Junk Bond Market: Corporations rely upon the junk bond market, for example, to quickly raise money. In January, however, the junk bond market contracted by 90% in January 2008 over the same time the previous year-corporations previously relying on this (and other markets) to quickly raise money are expected to default. Defaults are expected to increase and as a result, widespread layoffs will follow.
  • 2. Commercial Paper Market: This crisis in credit migrates to the more mainstream business credit centers, including commercial and industrial bank loans and short term commercial paper markets. Medium and smaller corporations rely on loans from mainstream business credit markets to finance business operations. Interest rates on these loans are increasing as a result of the corporate defaults on other loans.
  • 3. Leveraged buyout market: Companies took out loans to buy out other companies or go private to avoid government oversight, however diminished availability of these funds make it increasingly difficult to access these funds.
  • 4. Derivatives-based credit default swaps market: Banks set institutions up to park risky assets hidden from investors and government oversight agencies. They are designed to protect against defaults. However the amount of impending defaults far exceeds the resources available to them.

Institutions that insured other companies' bonds and loans face downgrading and even default as they cannot access the financial resources previously available to them through the securities, bond and credit markets. The amount of impending defaults exceeds the amount available by companies who pay investors in the event that a company cannot pay (due to default). Not only are they under funded, in and of themselves, but they also invested in the sub prime market and have lost tremendous amounts of money.


As companies are downgraded, their insurers face downgrades as well. And the downgrading of these corporations will lead to the downgrading of corporate bonds. The downgrading of corporate bond insurers leads to a downgrading of the money market fund market and municipal bond market, which leads to an institutional run on banks; the impact of which is devastating. Reductions in municipal bonds lead to severe funding shortages as municipalities must now face excessive borrowing costs at a time of recession and lower tax revenues.


Losses on financial institutions' balance sheets means they raise capital or face default. They can borrow from other banks, from the Federal Reserve or from foreign government owned investment funds.  Problems:

  • a. Inter-bank borrowing-suspicion about practices and drying up resources
  • b. Fed Reserve borrowing-insufficient funds to cover anticipated losses
  • c. Foreign government borrowing-some, but not enough
  • 2. Banks take loans out from the Fed Reserve at short term interest rates, but turn around and loan money to customers at long-term (higher) interest rates. This raises the cost of borrowing for non-bank corporate customers and to consumers buying durable products like cars, furniture, homes, etc.
  • 3. In a recession, banks are reluctant to lend money to consumers and corporations are less likely to borrow. Only those hardest pressed are likely to borrow, and then these are the people/corporations most likely to go under.
  • 4. Lower investment and spending leads to layoffs, defaults in auto, credit card and student loans, and thus further momentum in the direction of recession.
  • 5. Lack of confidence in the economy leads investors to pull out of even ‘safe' bond markets, leading to greater stress on municipal governments who then have to reduce spending via layoffs, salary cuts, decreases in services, etc.
  • 6. Also, it becomes even more difficult to borrow, rates increase, more fees are charged, student loans become harder to obtain, etc. Defaults on loans increase.

"A downward spiral is initiated as other companies compete by reducing their prices. Price cutting leads to job losses. The Fed has reduced interest rates to banks, but they have not passed along those savings to customers and consumers. This has resulted in an acceleration of a recession.


The fall of the dollar is leading to an increase in commodities prices, including food grains, food commodities, raw material commodities, metals and oil. Higher prices means less spending. The losses presented above do not even include the losses and impact on the consumer credit market, particularly in the area of auto loans, credit debt and student loans. Banks are less likely to lend and when they approve a loan, the cost to working people is even higher-even more unfair loan terms.


The bottom line is widespread corporate defaults and massive layoffs, further losses by banks and financial institutions, collapse of one or more mainstream banks in the U.S., further decline of the dollar in international markets, continued rise in oil and commodity prices, deflation spreading from housing and other asset investments in the U.S. to goods and services,



[1]One must also keep a careful watch on the desperate migrations out of Russia, Japan, European Union, Africa, South America, China, Eastern Europe into places which are at a lesser stage of economic crisis than their points of departures in the coming years.


[4]The summarized essence of this process in simplified terms when wrote: "The question that needs to be addressed is why is the value of some life in this society so low.  Our society is capitalist.  Those in control of the means of production determine the ideas and opinions of the society.  If the controllers deem that a person is not capable or worthy of living, they will make a law that prohibits him from doing so.  Our  society is based on a hierarchy and the distribution of resources will always be uneven under capitalism."


 Logical Summation of Industry Sectors

In numerous research reports we have already document how the United States, Europe and the countries of Africa, South America, the Caribbean Island, as well as Asia and the South Pacific Islands will continue along their own historical evolutionary path, using up all stages of the productive forces bequeathed them.  Within the next few decades, each will degenerate, decay, die, decompose, pass away, and have their rational kernels preserved in the next higher form of society.  


Robotic computer driven technology will replace human labor in increments with Blacks being first fired in mass, then set up for extermination.  Like clockwork, these societies will reach their own natural historical points of exhaustion, they will decline, they will fall into decay, they will rot, and they will die and be replaced by what is the next definitive stage in their unique yet inevitable process of development.  The social, political, legal, military, cultural, moral, educational, familial, and economic structure of the society in question will become vulnerable and in the process disintegrate.  All U.S. industrial developments before 1980 and their economic, political and social reflexes took place in the ascendancy of capitalism.  Since 1776, U.S. capitalism was growing as a form of society.  Its crises, 1760-1780, 1860-1890, 1920-1950, were actually growing pangs, not dying pains.  Since 1980, however, capitalism and socialism have begun their inevitable death marches.  


Swiftly like the wind, rapacious as fire, as unmovable as mountains a final solution will be posed and imposed; life or death, exodus or extermination will be the options. Aging is a universal process.  With time, the capacity for growth, development, self repair, and resistance to external damage decreases, and the force of mortality increases.  Each organism has its socially evolved life span etched into its very genetic code at birth.  Only external elements and environmental factors combine to accelerate or decelerated inevitable birth, death, and rebirth.Societies, beginning with primitive communalism and moving from African hydraulic communalism in ancient African Kmt , European slavery, feudalism, and capitalism to socialism have also developed on the basis of these principles.   They are born, developed and died.


More advanced, more complex relations of production never emerge before the material conditions of their existence have matured in the womb of the old form of society itself.  Here, we pass from the US capitalist society to the driving forces behind the revolutions in technology which are materializing throughout the world today.   At the core of this multifaceted Scientific and Technological Revolution (STR) are the rapidly developing electromechanical network of complex systems which are made up of fission and fusion energy sources, synthetic and bio-chemical structural material, and expert-computer controlled robot systems which equals what we refer to as Computer Automated Machine Production (CAMP).[1]

As with every step in the formation of any mechanized system, technology moves from simple to more complex.  With the adaptation of microelectronics to large-scale automated production, machine systems developed a "spinal column", i.e., a network of programmable machine task allocations that were controlled by an electro-mechanical brain---its computer system.  Semi-skilled workers had been replaced by robotics and automation; now skilled workers were being replaced by computerized robotics systems.  Advanced education and engineers are required.

Scientifically, however, this phase in its development was only one aspect of the requisites for total programmable control of the manufacturing process; in substance, the complete development of an electromechanical central nervous system.   Machines have been replacing higher forms of labor for centuries.  


Quantitatively, the innovations are significant. Again, the 1980's are a defining moment in the epoch of transition from the Industrial Revolution to the Scientific and Technological Revolution.  However even, with the continued innovation of machines, industrial production had first to standardize and coordinate direct cooperation between different machine systems in such a precise manner as to execute programmed machine movements by automated thinking machines.  Such an advance, conceptualized as Computer Automated Machine Production (CAMP), replaces humans with machines and thus establishes a technical basis for the development of embryonic humanless production and distribution centers. This is a qualitative innovation with revolutionary implications to social production. Social production systems change in economic production and distribution.  Economic changes ferment crises that necessitate political changes.  In this way, the transition from industrial society to "post" industrial society to the present Scientific and Technological Revolution is a product of the CAMP.


Historically, the global revolution in science and technology emerged in embryo as a technical formation in the early 1970's and solidified as an embryo in the early 1980's with: (1) the revolutionization of microelectronics, principally in microchip technology, and superconductivity, (2) the diffusion of these advanced microchips into microprocessors, variant computers, machine systems, robots, and other electromechanical devices, (3) the accelerated diffusion of computer programmed machines into large-scale automated production factory facilities, (4) the union of these automated technologies with sixth, seventh and eighth generation computers, (5) the linking up of individual robotic production stations with expert systems and advanced artificial intelligence and their link-up with computer process controllers, (6) the systematic organization of factory production via Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS), Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM), Group Technology (GT), and Just-in-Time (JIT), (7) the emergence of production centers, production regions, and an international production complex, and (8) the global communication linkages of international production centers via space satellite, Internet, mental process control, transmission mechanization,  artificial intelligence, laser feedback sensors, Java language, and integrated systems communication between linked machine systems.  


Information Technology appears to be the cutting edge of this Scientific and Technological Revolution, and technological globalization is the result.  As soon as machines are converted from being manual extensions of humans and thus develop an electromechanical apparatus, they acquire independent forms, develop mechanical divisions of labor, and become capable of carrying potential finished commodities through their complete fabrication process. This process of adolescent technological growth has required an entire industrial and post-industrial epoch to mature, roughly 140 years, emerging around 1840 and reaching a nodal point in quality around 1980. Add to basic repetitious manual automation: (1) mental process control, (2) expert decisions, (3) transmission mechanization, (4) artificial intelligence, (5) laser feedback sensors, (6) the Internet, Java language, and (7) integrated systems communication between linked machine systems. Consequently, the once physically endowed, yet mentally retarded huge automaton, is thus fitted with a complex electromechanical central nervous system.  The mechanical system's body now has a computerized brain.   

This electro-mechanization of intellectual labor can be regarded as the turning point after which CAMP is placed on its own technological basis, stood on its feet. All that is missing technically in the total negation of humans from production processes, aside from future standard incremental refinements, is the human brain being replicated in electromechanical form. 

MANUFACTURING SECTOR

Manufacturing


In the manufacturing sphere of production, the most evident characteristic of the change in employment has become the accelerated drop in the demand for low-skilled and semi-skilled labor.  Again, this is not surprising, given the nature of CAMP which replicates on an extremely profound level human production activity.  Initially, the human laborers were usually employed in peripheral operations in the processing of raw materials.  However, increasingly, middle management, and skilled professionals are also being replaced by CAMP which is operated by expert systems.  This electromechanical supersession has occurred on two levels.


Internally, raw materials were replaced, or the technological chain was shortened.  The carrying out of the production process by the minimum number of workers is facilitated by the use of micros in the products themselves, which creates new opportunities for their miniaturization.  As a direct result, this advance not only simplifies the assembly process and saves on human labor power, but it also indirectly further cuts employment in related spheres by reducing the demand for raw materials, means of transport, servicing, and storage facilities.  This inference is extremely important for our discussion.  Because such a reduction in production and servicing human labor, aside from causing salaried, skilled, professional workers their means of livelihood, has belated social implications. 


Internationally, labor intensive tasks were transferred to China, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Latin America, and India where there is cheap labor power in abundance.  In these places obsolete equipment can be employed along with low-paid workers to maximize profits. Overall, given the developing trends, contraction of the volume of labor under the impact of new technologies, in spite of the significance is still in its infancy.  In a very short time, relative to past innovation history, the introduction of automated systems in quality control operations have proved very effective.  Microelectronics have opened up new opportunities not only for increasing the reliability of the equipment used for making machines with machines, but also for diagnosing faults in the structural design, fabrication, and assembly of technologies.  As a result, the human occupations of operator, controller, and repair engineer are disappearing.


Machines increase productivity, precision, and efficiency but they cannot buy back the enormous volume of commodities that they produce in different spheres of production, distribution, and exchange.  Increasingly, there can be no complete usage of production capacities because of the inability to sell what is produced by CAMP.  As a result, domestic markets contract.  Capitalists are then forced to use more CAMP to cheapen the cost of production, improve productivity, increase efficiency which would allow them to get the edge in a market. 


In order to afford such expensive retooling businesses are reducing their costs by (1) reducing the cost of the materials in the product, (2) reducing the labor required to produce the product, thereby cutting labor costs, and (3) demand that workers who labor for them labor for less---concessions.  With the employment of these technologies by a small group of multinational corporations, their productivity increases, thus, allowing them to sell their commodities at a cheaper price than smaller businesses who employ less productive human labor forces.  Inevitably, the small enterprises are swept aside, bought out by large corporations, and, in the process, the entire network of interlocking small businesses, firms, enterprises, industries, production centers, production regions, national corporations and multinational corporations become centralized in fewer and fewer multinational conglomerates.


Capitalist drive to implement cost-cutting and efficient CAMP in all spheres of the society causes an equal, yet inverse impact on the civilian labor force which must purchase the CAMP commodities.  The implementation of CAMP accelerates the growth of labor productivity, with the result that there is a relative decrease in the demand for labor power in the spheres of manufacturing production.  The result is massive public consumer debt, commercial debt, corporate debt, federal debt, state debt, local debt, national debt, international debts.  As real wages and salaries for service workers decrease, the domestic markets for selling the particular commodity decrease, even with the bill of sale being extend by credit.  At some point credit will be called in.


On the one hand, there is acceleration of the productive capacities of the instruments of production, i.e., the machines, biotechnological techniques and devices.  On the other hand, there is a decrease or restriction of the distributive capacities of competing individual capitalist enterprises.  Thus, in sum, we arrive at the contradiction between social production and private appropriation (distribution) based on profit.  Hunger is rapidly increasing amid an unprecedented abundance of food and fiber.


Expanding rapidly, the sphere of technological restructuring now embraces all new workshops, firms and whole industries; cycles of equipment renewal followed one another; they are carried out in a shorter and shorter time; socially significant workers that only recently enjoyed a stable position in production are suddenly finding themselves to be redundant.  Even new spheres of activity that have only just appeared are not capable of markedly expanding the labor market.  A university education or professional-technical training no longer guarantees a successful, well-paying, career.  In many ways, the very possession of subsistence level job is fast becoming evidence of a successful life. 

          As we have established earlier, with the elimination of phases in any production process, the facilities necessary to carry out the individual operation of each phase are also eliminated.  With the elimination of the facilities, factories, production centers, the humans that operate those facilities are eliminated from the production process.  In sum, we have a crisis of overproduction in all manufacturing industries which is based on the accelerated employment of high productivity computer automated machines, and chemical processing techniques that eliminate major phases in the fabrication and assembly process.   

          With the elimination of production workers, they are no longer able to buy the products which are made by CAMP because they have lost their means of subsistence, their wages.  With the loss of their wage many of them became homeless, were forced to sell whatever anyone would buy in order to pay mounting bills and take care of family, food, clothing and shelter needs.  With the miniaturization, the size reduction, and the amount of fabrication stages are usually directly tantamount the size reduction in the component.  Even in its initial stages of application this cannot but entail a cut in the per unit inputs of human labor power. 


This chain reaction of reduction has an impact on transport, parts, and service industries.  Parts made form the computer produced new plastic materials, in contrast to metals require considerably fewer stages of procession.  Automation of assembly is fast making obsolete manual human labor on the conveyor.  In sum, the traditional cyclic crisis shows that nowadays fewer jobs are recreated during the expansion phase than used to be the case.  Each recession serves to accelerate the technological restructuring even more---in many ways clearing the way for it.

          This same process occurred in the agricultural sphere of production.  As was stated in the earlier section, where industry profits decreased, crop demand was weakened, imports were increased, food stuffs were then stock-piled, the government was forced to buy up excess food stocks and store them in the warehouse, prices were artificially stabilized, returns on investment were reduced, farm capital expenditures were reduced, and only the larger corporations were able to buy the advanced technologies. 

          This process, in sum, led to the centralization and concentration of family farm production in the hands of a few large corporations.  Such a concentration minimizes labor needs and thus eliminates more and more former workers from the consumption of goods.  With their elimination and the increased productivity of computer automated machine production the result is a major market glut.  Thousands of different manufacturing industries must inevitably pass through this process with the application of mature Computer Automated Machine Production to different sectors of manufacturing.


AGRICULTURAL SECTOR


Agriculture


With the elimination of phases in agricultural production,  the facilities necessary to carry out the individual operation of each phase are also eliminated.  With the elimination of agricultural facilities, factories, production centers, the humans that operate those facilities are eliminated from the production process.  At the same time,, markets in capitalist economics presuppose not only a seller with a product, but also the necessity of a buyer with some medium of exchange, usually money.  When there are not enough persons with money and a need to purchase the huge farm surpluses, corporations must be able to expand the commercial arms of their distributive systems into international markets.  Otherwise, domestic markets will become glutted with farm products and either the products are then sold below the cost of production, thus negating profit, or they are destroyed.


The past evolving increases in agricultural productivity as workers are being replaced from the production equation by machines.  Crop production per acre, number of people fed by one farmer, labor hours required on farms, farm output per hour, crop production per acre have all been revolutionized by the advances in technology and science.  They all show significant improvements in the period 1950-2007.

          However, farmers have produced more food commodities than the US domestic capitalist market can circulate, thus the government has been using billions of taxpayer dollars to buy the surpluses in order to keep market prices above the cost of production, thus guaranteeing a profit.  The ratio of prices received to prices paid by farmers tell the secret.  Without government price supports---welfare payments to capitalist farmers---based on the ratio scale 1960=$1.00, without price supports farmers would earn only 13 cents on every dollar paid in the production process.  


In order to maintain prices and slow the inevitable monopolization of United States farm production---by temporarily keeping thousands of small, and medium farms in business---the federal government pays capitalists not to produce crops (food) with the American working class' tax dollars.  It also buys millions of bushels of corn, soybeans, wheat, barley, etc. which it stores in warehouses and "discards" when it becomes rancid or otherwise in-consumable by humans and/or other animals.  All of this occurs when millions are malnourished and hungry in the US.

          Clearly, the human need for food in the United States is evident.  Yet, the economic demand for food in a capitalist economy means that even if billions of pounds of stored food stuffs are rotting, and millions of people are hungry, the only economic connector between distribution of those socially produced goods to those hungry persons is through the medium of money.  More and more, it has become evident that if people cannot pay for food they do not eat; if they cannot pay for housing they go homeless.  Social needs and economic demand in a capitalist nation such as the United States are not, in regards to agricultural production and distribution, compatible.  Especially hard hit by this incompatibility are women and children.


In fact, the only mechanism left in place to facilitate circulation of agricultural commodities to a glutted market is debt spending.  Overproduction permeates the entire structure of capitalist industrial production in the United States dating from 1977 to the present 2007 period.  Too much food is produced for the declining domestic and foreign markets.  Without the artificial methods of price supports and control embodied in federal government subsidies to farmers, the prices of agricultural products would have declined even more rapidly below the present cost of production.  Without any price supports based on deficit spending by the federal government, the agricultural sphere of production would have collapsed over a decade ago.  No job, no income, no food.



HOUSING/CONSTRUCTION SECTOR


Construction


In 2008+, almost all large construction companies perform, with the use of computer automated technology, the largest amount of construction.  They are able to out-bid smaller corporations for federal, state, local or international construction contracts.  They are also able to invest in the advanced forms of prefabricated flexible yet strong building materials which allow them to complete building projects in the shortest of durations.  This huge concentration of wealth and technology in the hands of a few large construction corporations is indicative of what was found in the other three large-scale spheres of production, i.e., agriculture, manufacturing, and mining.  However, there are important differences.

          The automation of construction work in the standardization, prefabrication, manufacture and installation of structure components have accounted for a drop in the demand for workers and the increase in the efficiency of this sphere.  Moreover, in the US there is a tendency for the production of buildings of flexible design to be built, with the possibility of increasing production capacity for minimum modernization outlays. 

          There is also a growing tendency to create facilities out of prefabricated units, allowing for the dismantling or addition of whole units and sections and more precise adjustment of the premises to the nature of the coming technologies.  For example in United States, Europe, and Japan, construction companies build houses like they build cars and computers.  Today, manufactured-housing industries can employ robots to improve productivity and reduce costs.  Prefabricated wall panels including windows, doors, wiring and insulation can be bolted together to form the shell of a house in one day.  Japan's manufactured-housing industry already accounts for nearly 60 percent of its housing construction.  This is clearly a trend of the 2000's.  

          Within the next few years, more than 3/4th the residential units built in the United States will come from factories.  Housing construction trends in the South are concrete verification of this statement.  Many firms now manufacture modular apartments, single family homes, and motel units.  Prefab housing reduces labor costs, reduced time of unit production, and is often much cheaper than conventional construction.  With improvements in design, strength, structure, durability of construction and insulation, these computer designed homes will revolutionized housing construction in the 2000's.  The technique of prefabrication also permits home builders to erect accommodations anywhere in the country without establishing an on-site construction facility. 

          On the other hand, in the conventional construction industry, the subdivision of construction and production units, the automation of the meting out of materials, and other technological processes have dropped worker demand.  Those sphere hardest hit by this transformation in predominant trades, plasterers, riveters, welders, and hydro-mechanics.  The automation of assembly and construction work negates reliance on bricklayers, plasterers, and installers.  When entire side components of building are prefabricated the demand for specialist bricklayers is also negated.  In this way prefabrication techniques are being integrated into the conventional methods of large-scale construction.  Those aspects of the construction project which can be manufactured using robots on in-house construction sites improve productivity, reduce costs and increase modular specificity.

          First, most conventional construction work is seasonal and is determined by long-term demand.  For any given construction project, a loosely federated ad hoc group of construction workers is organized to carry out a specific task towards the completion of their contract.  This unit consists of regulatory agencies, labor organizations, developers, designers, contractors, skilled engineers, and unskilled to semi-skilled laborers.  Based on a detailed architectural plan, they come together and integrate their various skills toward completion of a construction project.  When their particular tasks are completed toward the total completion of the project, their crews disband, in search of some other construction contract.  In this way, the construction sphere of production is less developed than agriculture, and manufacturing only with respect to its ability to standardize construction activities between different parties to an architectural project.   


Before a particular conventional construction project reaches its practical building stages, engineers, utilizing computer-aided design (CAD), test alternative designs of various structures, including modern super skyscrapers.  Whereas, in agriculture, tractors are the primary movers on agri-farms today; cranes serve as the basic movers in construction work.  Moving large materials and implements is the largest percentage of construction work.  Whereas industrial robots in automobile factories assemble, weld, paint, screw, and mold car parts, construction robots are actually the electromechanical descendants of cranes.  Cranes are at best replications of human hands and arms---however, on a cyclopean scale.  They tower over the building site, and thus can be used to lift objects over a large area.  The main arm of the crane, the jib, is secured on a swivel base.  On the jib is a trolley winch, a hook and pulley system which are connected to cables, and an engine.  The crane is operated by one worker in the crane-cabin.


In 2008, about 1/3 of the world's 7.9 billion people are either homeless, live in slum settlements, or live in temporary shelters.  Over 600 million have no permanent shelter at all.  There is, of course, no shortage of land in the world.  It has been calculated that the earth could comfortably hold five time times the amount of the present world population.  Generally, there is no shortage of labor power.  Neither is their a shortage of building materials.  Yet, billions are without adequate housing.  This is a political question.   

          In the United States, homeowners are also faced with crisis, as many of them lose their jobs, and at the same time see the value of their homes falling.  So many houses are for sale on the east coast that often no one comes to bid.  Across the country, 20 times as many homes are in foreclosure in 2007-2008 than were in foreclosure in 1990-2000.  That's roughly the equivalent to a home being seized or abandoned every 15 seconds.  Most major cities are facing record numbers of foreclosures. 


These numbers are a direct reflection of the trend of company layoffs whi